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央行研究局局长徐忠:金融安全是改出来的,不是保出来的

2016-12-27 16:51:13   

人民网北京12月27日电 (记者庄红韬)今日,由人民网主办的首届“人民财经高峰论坛”在人民日报社举行。本次论坛以“中国经济新方位”为主题,官、产、学、研各界精英围绕金融安全、“一带一路”、品牌创新等议题献计献策、交流思想。中国人民银行研究局局长徐忠出席并发表讲话。他发言的主题是:金融安全是改出来的,不是保出来的。

以下为讲话实录:

尊敬的各位嘉宾:

上午好,很高兴参加首届“人民财经高峰论坛”。今年以来,在世界经济复苏一波三折的情况下,我国经济保持了“缓中趋稳、稳中向好”,供给侧结构性改革取得显著进展,产业结构、需求结构、收入结构持续优化,经济新的动能正在积聚,传统动能的改造升级也在加快,金融体系整体平稳运行,成绩来之不易。

但也应该清醒认识到,面对国际国内形势新变化,经济金融发展稳中有难、稳中有险,存在不少突出矛盾和问题,金融领域潜在风险逐步显现,维护金融安全面临艰巨挑战。这也是中央经济工作会议提出“金融风险有所积聚……要把防控金融风险放到更加重要的位置,下决心处置一批风险点,着力防控资产泡沫,提高和改进监管能力,确保不发生系统性金融风险”的重要背景。

每当改革发展遇到重大困难时,总会出现两种声音。一种声音认为,面对复杂的金融风险形势,策略上应“以保为主”,避免问题恶化,主动放缓改革节奏,甚至出现改革倒退;另一种声音认为,改革中出现的问题,恰是关键改革不到位或配套改革不到位造成的,策略上应坚持“以改为主”,要通过全面深化改革,化解风险于改革创新之中。当前,我国金融风险和金融改革尤其是监管改革备受关注。必须看到,虽然分业监管体制在历史上金融业态相对简单的时期发挥了积极作用,但随着各类金融控股公司和跨行业金融产品迅猛发展,我国金融体系正如已行驶多年的汽车,这也出问题,那也出问题,仅仅依靠日常保养维护,已无法保证行驶安全了,必须大修后才能再上路。在此背景下,我认为,“保”是消极防御,为保而保、以保为主势必适得其反,可能导致风险防不住、底线保不住。“改”是积极作为,积极主动地推进改革是防范和化解风险的根本途径。

一、金融安全不是保出来的

首先要明确的是,什么是“保”,要保什么?从根本上说,“保”是基于底线思维,是非常态下应对危机的机制和措施,保的是底线,只有形势发展到底线时才需要保。就金融风险而言,“保”就是要守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线。在底线之上,过度追求“保”必然妨碍市场配置资源的效率,不仅无法有效化解已有的风险,无助于从根本上消除风险产生、积累和传染的根源,还会造成激励机制扭曲,最终催生新的风险。

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