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产销规模第一不等于竞争力强 汽车产业提质增效怎么干?

2016-12-22 09:20:50   

产销规模第一并不等于产业竞争力就强,如何提升产业发展质量和效率,推动汽车产业由大变强,是汽车业面临的紧迫问题

作为多年世界第一新车产销大国,仍未培育出国际知名的汽车品牌

按照当前市场增速,今年我国新车销量将再创历史新高,并连续8年位居全球第一。然而,产销规模第一并不等于产业竞争力就强。如何提升产业发展质量和效率,推动中国汽车产业由大变强,依然是当前汽车企业面临的紧迫问题。

“作为自主品牌车企,首先要提高产品竞争力。”吉利集团总裁安聪慧认为,自主品牌现在的车型非常多,但真正卖得好的是少数,“只有产品好了,才能有底气去吆喝”。

产品竞争力来自哪里?一方面来自技术创新。应该说,在国家自主创新战略引领下,近年来我国汽车产业技术水平呈现稳步提升态势,长安、广汽、吉利等车企已建立完整的正向研发能力,并在若干核心技术领域取得突破性进展。但也要看到,我国汽车产业在发动机新型燃烧、自动变速器等诸多核心技术上仍然落后于汽车先进国家。

没有技术创新,就很难推出革命性产品。以新能源汽车为例,在一些限行限购的城市,市场需求越来越大。然而,时至今日仍然没有一家车企能够推出性价比高、符合消费者需求的明星车型。为什么?主要在于动力电池技术没有实现革命性突破。

另一方面来自产品品质保证。“此前公众对自主品牌有偏见,主要是因为产品品质不稳定。”安聪慧认为,经过多年发展,吉利汽车已经建立了自己的造车体系和流程,甚至有了平台化和模块化技术。广汽集团执行委员会副主任、广汽乘用车总经理郁俊也认为,作为自主品牌的后来者,传祺之所以能够在如此短的时间内培育出月销超过3万辆的明星车型GS4,除了时尚外观,也在于其建立了严格的品质管控体系。

“产品品质很大程度上需要用体系来保证。”国家信息中心信息资源开发部主任徐长明表示,目前我国主流自主汽车品牌在产品可靠性上已有明显提高,但在耐久性、一致性上稍差,“车企需要通过先进质量管理方法、优化工艺流程等管控体系,把产品视觉、听觉、嗅觉等感官品质做到精良”。

比产品竞争力更难提升的是品牌竞争力。当年合资乘用车企业在引进跨国汽车公司产品和技术的同时,高强度地引进了跨国汽车公司的品牌。30年来,中外双方齐心协力地把一些在国际市场上知名度较低,甚至是失败车型,打造成为世界知名、中国著名的品牌,形成了强大的品牌影响力和溢价力,为跨国汽车公司创造出源源不断的超额利润。然而,由于自主品牌最初大都是从低端切入市场的,形成了低质低价的品牌形象,尽管近年来自主品牌乘用车在技术上进步很大,一些产品性能与合资品牌也不相上下,但是受制于品牌力的不足,同样配置的产品,售价却比合资品牌低很多。

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