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去年全国收费公路亏损3187亿 通行费都花哪儿了?

2016-09-20 15:41:44   人民网-财经频道

人民网北京9月20日电 (记者乔雪峰) 9月20日,交通运输部在汇总各省(区、市)已公布的收费公路统计数据后,发布了2015年全国收费公路统计公报,统计公报显示,截至2015年底,全国收费公路里程16.44万公里(不含已取消收费公路,下同),其中,高速公路11.70万公里;全国收费公路累计建设投资总额为69488.5亿元,债务余额为44493.7亿元;通行费收入为4097.8亿元,支出总额为7285.1亿元,通行费收支缺口3187.3亿元。

通行费收入都用到哪儿去了?

据统计公报显示,收费公路总体上仍然收不抵支。2015年全国收费公路通行费收入总额为4097.8亿元,与2014年相比,全国收费公路车辆通行费总收入净增181.8亿元,增长4.6%。全国收费公路支出总额为7285.1亿元。与2014年相比,全国收费公路支出总额净增1798.0亿元,增长32.8%。

2015年通行费收支缺口达到3187.3亿元,与前四年相比(2010-2014年通行费收支缺口分别为323亿元、566亿元、661亿元、1571.1亿元),收支缺口进一步扩大。

那么,通行费收入都花在哪儿了?为何2015年通行费收支缺口比2014年扩大了一倍多?

交通运输部公路局副局长孙永红接受人民财经采访时表示,支出中近8成是偿还到期债务本金和利息,其余2成用于养护管理、公路及附属设施改扩建以及税费等其他等支出。

2015年全国收费公路的养护支出503.5亿元,公路附属设施改扩建工程支出188.2亿元,运营管理支出527.5亿元,税费支出296.5亿元,其他支出19.5亿元(包括偿还母公司代垫建设期总承包工程款、工程项目质保金、票据印刷费、职工培训教育、委托管理费等),较2014年都没有显著变化,而运营管理支出较2014年的534亿元略有下降。

针对收支缺口比上一年扩大了一倍多的问题,孙永红从两个方面进行了解读:一是建设任务重,债务增长速度快,还本付息的支出快速增长。2015年收费公路的还本付息支出为5749.8亿元,比2014年的4207.7亿元增加了1542.1亿元,增长26.8%。收费公路累计的总债务为44493.7亿元,按照5年以上贷款利率6%匡算,每年需要偿还的利息2670亿元、需要偿还本金近3000亿元,加在一起,每年仅还本付息的支出就超过5000亿元。

二是当前收费公路已进入偿债高峰期。银行一般会给收费公路项目“建设期 1年左右”的宽限期,宽限期内可以只付息,少还本甚至暂不还本。待宽限期结束后,就会按贷款约定进入正常还债阶段,还本付息支出会有较大幅度的增长。

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