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美媒:中国减贫成就世界瞩目 很难被他国复制

2017-09-22 09:37:11   

中国日报网9月22日电 据美国数字商业新闻网站Quartz 9月21日报道,世界银行发布的最新数据显示,改革开放30多年来,中国共有超过8亿人口摆脱贫困,贫困发生率从1981年的接近90%降至现在的不到2%。中国的减贫成就世界瞩目,但却难以被另一个国家大规模复制。

报道称,在扶贫方面,世界其他国家被中国抛到了身后。第72届联合国大会本周在美国纽约举行,大会开幕之前,比尔和梅琳达•盖茨基金会发出警告称,国际社会或许无法实现宏伟的联合国可持续发展目标——到2030年消除极端贫困。

联合国可持续发展目标共包含17个可持续发展目标,是联合国千年发展目标的延续和发展。后者寻求在1990年至2005年间消除极端贫困。在此期间,全球范围内的极端贫困人口减少了逾10亿,降至8.4亿,对此,中国的贡献率超过一半。

中国在减贫方面做出了令人惊讶的亮眼成绩。因此,不少国家或研究机构把目光投向东方,希望向中国学习如何消除贫困。

文章指出,中国让数以百万计的民众摆脱贫困的故事,是天时、地利、人和综合作用的结果,“是一个在正确的时间和正确的地点执行了正确的政策的特定事例,同时,中国也抓住了全球化兴起的机遇。今时今日,类似的事情不大可能再次发生。”

文章中还分析称,中国的扶贫成就是由多方面的原因共同铸就的。首先,从1978年实施改革开放起到本世纪初,20多年的时间里,中国一直维持“发展中国家的薪资水平”,却拥有“富裕发达国家的基础设施”,这种极具吸引力的组合吸引了众多外资企业来中国投资建厂,创造了成百上千万的就业岗位。中国的人均国内生产总值从1980年的不到200美元(约合1318元人民币)激增至现在的8000多美元(约合5.27万元人民币)。其次,货物运输改革和消费型电子产品的革新,都为物美价廉的“中国制造”提供了更广阔的发展空间,

虽然中国的减贫成就难以复制,但中国也有不少成功经验值得他国学习,比如鼓励实验创新、投入大量资金建设基础设施等。

(编辑:党超峰 译者:谌融

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