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“双一流”建设高校及建设学科名单出炉 实施动态调整机制

2017-09-21 19:02:03   央广网

央广网北京9月21日消息(记者沈静文)据中国之声《新闻晚高峰》报道,“双一流”靴子落地。这份名单出炉后,中国人耳熟能详的高校“排行榜”——“985工程”“211工程”,正式成为历史。

今天(21日),教育部、财政部、国家发展改革委印发《关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设学科名单的通知》,公布世界一流大学和一流学科(即“双一流”)建设高校及建设学科名单。其中,一流大学建设高校共42所,北京大学、中国人民大学、清华大学等36所学校入选A类,东北大学、郑州大学、湖南大学等6所学校入选B类;一流学科建设高校共95所。

对个人而言,“你的母校上榜了吗?”是个半认真的问题;对于高等教育改革的推进,对打破高校身份固化,这份名单又意味着什么?

“双一流”让“专业”走在“学校”前面

什么是“一流”?自己所在高校距离“一流”还有多远?

天津大学党委书记李家俊认为,“不仅仅是看世界一流大学的指标,我认为还要看对国家的进步、对社会的进步、对人民生活水平的提高,到底作出了哪些具体贡献。”  

北京航空航天大学校长徐惠彬表示,“国家关心什么,它也不考虑;世界的前沿是什么,也不考虑,只是完全做自己感兴趣的,我认为这也不是具有中国特色的世界一流大学。”

在浙江大学常务副校长宋永华看来,“世界一流大学,就是一流学生、一流师资、一流科研成果、一流文化和一流管理。”

对经济社会的贡献,对国家战略、行业区域需求的认知,人才培养和学科水平的评价……校长们所指的尺度,被一一纳入此次“双一流”建设高校和学科的认定遴选程序。教育部学位管理与研究生教育司司长李军介绍,遴选过程分为组建专家委员会,由专家确定拟建设高校和学科名单,确定拟建设高校的建设方案以及三部委报批几个步骤。相比“985”“211”时代,最大的不同是,“专业”走在了“学校”前面。

“双一流”实施动态监测与管理

在42所一流大学建设高校中,除了新疆大学、云南大学、郑州大学3所高校,其余均为原“985工程”建设高校,“双一流”名单因此面临“换汤不换药”的先天质疑。对此,教育部回应,“双一流”高校和学科建设名单在认定工作流程上实现重大突破——不组织高校申报,不需主管部门推荐,专家不直接对某一高校是否纳入“双一流”建设范围做出评判。国家教育咨询委员会委员谈松华表示,尽管名单相似,但其产生方式和建设目标完全不同。

这一轮遴选中是“一流”,下一轮未必是。“双一流”建设以学科为基础,对建设过程实施动态监测,实行动态管理;对于建设过程中出现重大问题、不再具备建设条件且经警示整改仍无改善的高校及学科,及时调整出建设范围;建设期末,将重新确定下一轮建设范围,有进有出,打破身份固化,不搞终身制。李军强调,遴选认定不是一劳永逸,“这次公布的名单属于第一个周期,是到2020年。它是一个动态建设过程,都会有变化。”

以一技之长可跻身“一流”专业名单,名单以外高校仍可以下一轮遴选为目标——前所未有的认定方式和动态调整机制,开启中国高等教育领域又一次重大变革。教育部强调,此次遴选认定所产生的是“建设”高校及“建设”学科,重点在“建设”,是迈向世界一流的起点,最终能否成为世界一流大学和一流学科还要看最终的建设成效。

我们距离“一流”还有多远?不得而知。但此刻,我们正向着“一流”的方向。

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