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美媒:“中国制造”的冷原子钟成功通过太空测试

2017-09-21 15:02:03   

中国日报网9月21日电 据美国《科学》杂志网站9月20日报道,“中国制造”的冷原子钟成功通过太空测试,这一科学史上的巨大突破将推动地球计时变得更加精确,同时也为基础物理学实验提供了更好的计时工具。

空间冷原子钟对时间的测量基于原子物理,但又跟大部分原子钟不同,它应用的是更为先进的冷原子物理技术,其计时精确度也大幅提高。

网上可供查阅的文献资料显示,如果说机械表1天大概有1秒误差,石英表1天大概有0.1秒误差,氢原子钟数百万年有1秒误差,那么冷原子钟则可以做到三千万年到三亿年没有误差。

在微重力环境下,原子团可以做超慢速匀速直线运动,基于对这种运动的精细测量可以获得较地面上更加精密的原子谱线信息,从而可以获得更高精度的原子钟信号,实现在地面上无法实现的性能。此外,利用激光冷却技术,原子气体被冷却至极低的温度,这极大地消除了原子热运动对原子钟性能的影响。

报道称,去年9月,中国科学家研制的冷原子钟随天宫二号空间实验室被发射到太空,启动在轨科学实验。如今一年过去了,中国科学院上海光机所量子光学重点实验室宣布,实验结果达到预期。

该实验室主任刘亮表示,他和他的同事们“夜以继日地辛勤工作”,终于让冷原子钟在轨科学实验成功启动,其间“遇到过许多巨大的技术难题”,“幸运的是,我们做到了,并且在轨科学实验运行一年之后,冷原子钟仍然运作良好”。

德国杜塞尔多夫大学原子物理学家斯蒂芬•席勒指出,随着实验的成功,“中国在天基冷原子传感器研究领域走在了世界前沿”。

(编辑:党超峰 译者:谌融

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