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【喜迎十九大·文脉颂中华】朝戈金:从传承到传播 朝向“互联网+”时代的共同行动

2017-09-16 11:11:43   国际在线

9月15日,由中央网信办和中国文化部共同主办的“喜迎十九大·文脉颂中华”非物质文化遗产大型网络传播活动在京启动。该活动为期两周,是在全国范围内大规模开展的非遗网络传播活动。它既是我国作为联合国教科文组织《保护非物质文化遗产公约》缔约国,向国际社会郑重承诺合理、有效地保护非物质文化遗产的一次公众实践活动,也是《中华人民共和国非物质文化遗产法》实施五年来在非遗领域展开的又一次积极探索,因而具有非常重要的意义。

中国社会科学院学部委员、中国民俗学会会长朝戈金

公约强调,缔约国应努力采取一切适当的手段,运用教育和信息计划,以及能力建设活动和非正规知识传播手段,确保非物质文化遗产得到确认、尊重和弘扬。在公约的《操作指南》中明确强调“在适当情况下充分利用信息和传播技术”,并在“传播和媒体”一节中提出了若干具体建议,包括“运用各种传媒形式传播非物质文化遗产”、“鼓励信息技术机构推动信息的互动交流,强化非物质文化遗产的非正规传承途径”等。其中值得注意的是,鼓励针对年轻人这一目标群体设计和制作互动式参与项目等。在我国的《非遗法》和相关政策法规和制度设计中,也有含义相同的条款和精神,鼓励社会力量参与非遗保护,通过各种有效恰当的手段,弘扬我国各民族人民在长期的历史发展进程中创造和发展的非物质文化遗产,并在当代生活中确保代际传承。

今年八月初在比利时列日召开了“首届世界人文大会”,我在开幕式致辞时曾说道:“我们诚挚地欣喜于科技的进步,因为它带来了与以往很不同的知识生产、传播和应用的景观。大数据、海量存储、便捷搜索等,带来新的学术维度和新的生长点。英特网在全球瞬间传递思想和代码,极大地刺激了不同领域之间前所未有的广泛合作……我们坚信,自然科学和人文社会科学的合作和互补,必将有利于人类的长久福祉。”

今天,我们见证了科技与人文携手合作的生动实践。在互联网的平台上,非物质文化遗产的方方面面——其历史轨辙、现实遭际、地方知识、美学品格、传承规律、实践方式、社会功能、文化意义等,将通过用以往的传播手段所难以比拟的广度和速度,传播到数量巨大的网络用户中。过去,非物质文化遗产作为老百姓的文化实践,主要以口耳相传、言传身教的方式,在代际之间纵向传承,短时间内跨越巨大空间的横向传播,就不太多见。今天,在互联网平台上,音声、文字、影像、超文本链接、云技术等,可以承载着非物质文化遗产内容遍地传扬。与此同时,每个用户的能动作用也被放大和增强,他们不再是被动的信息接受者和消费者,而且还可能成为信息的补充、修正乃至再创造的参与者。一个彼此联系紧密、高度合作的多元行动方正在聚拢;人们能动地、富有成效地、以彼此协作的方式,共同推动着非物质文化遗产“数字共同体”的逐步形成。每个希望保护非物质文化遗产的有识之士,都会欣喜地看到中华民族优秀的文化遗产以前所未有的规模和速度得以传播和推广。为此,我们应当感谢众多社会力量、互联网行业及专业人士的参与和奉献,没有责任感和使命感,就不会有这样的共同行动。让我们为之鼓掌欢呼!

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