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外媒:美军大规模升级核武 预算近4000亿美元

2017-09-15 09:16:48   国际在线

【环球网军事9月15日报道】据美国《国家利益》双月刊网站9月10日报道称,自上世纪80年代以来,美国的海陆空核威慑力量一直保持不减,并定期进行代价不菲的维护和升级。不过,美国空军正打算采取行动,购买两种可携带核弹头的新型导弹系统,以升级核三角中的陆空核打击能力——尽管国会预算局估计,到2024年这一军购最终可能让纳税人付出多达3840亿美元。

虽然军队高层非常坚定,认为他们需要进行现代化改革来保持美军的威慑力,但批评人士表示空军正在采取错误的方法。

8月21日,空军迈出实质性步伐,将陆基战略威慑计划(GBSD)的两个合同授予诺思罗普-格鲁曼公司和波音公司。就在两天后,空军还同洛克希德-马丁公司和雷神公司签署合同,以设计一种远程防区外导弹(LRSO)。其理由很明确:空军的核武器老化了。

空军将GBSD计划的两个合同交予波音公司和诺思罗普-格鲁曼公司。波音的合同价值3.49亿美元,诺思罗普-格鲁曼公司的合同价值3.28亿美元。其目的是确保核三角中的地面核力量足以应对未来的威胁。GBSD计划是日益老化的LGM-30“民兵”-3洲际弹道导弹的后续计划。空军表示需要在未来10年左右逐步淘汰LGM-30“民兵”-3洲际弹道导弹,因为技术进步使这种导弹变得过时。

当空军在2016年夏季为GBSD计划招标时,它也为LRSO提出投标请求,以加强空基核力量。LRSO旨在取代可携带核弹头的空射型AGM-86B导弹,后者是上世纪80年代研发的,早已超过其仅有10年的设计寿命。据空军的一份声明说,LRSO是核三角“一个绝对必要的元素”。

预计在2030年投入使用时,LRSO将由B-52、B-2和B-21轰炸机携带。洛克希德-马丁公司和雷神公司分别获得大约9亿美元资金,用于开发LRSO。

除了空军以外,通用动力公司已经在对核三角中的海基核力量——美国海军的核弹道导弹潜艇——进行现代化改造。该公司将在2021年开始建造新的“哥伦比亚”级核潜艇,以取代“俄亥俄”级核潜艇。海军还寻求延长“三叉戟”D-5导弹的寿命,后者从上世纪70年代就开始在军中服役。

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