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有学习无社团不能算大学生活

2017-09-15 07:56:44   央广网

作者:刘文嘉

【新闻随笔】

据媒体报道,江苏一所高校以让新生“更好适应大学生活”为名,要求校内社团和学生组织在本学期内不得招新,引起了学生的质疑,并被晒到了网上。

也难怪学生不满。有过大学经历的人都明白,入学时经历的“百团大战”往往构成了观察大学和重新进行自我观察的第一个窗口,其作用有时并不亚于开学演讲。对大多数中国学生而言,大一迈入社团,是第一次不以成绩,而是以兴趣和意愿进行自我成就的机会,也是第一次以班级以外的“社会人”的角度来反观自己、检视自己的机会,而这些恰恰是大一生活最迫切需要的。如果学习“自组织”管理、推进社会化、自我塑造都不是适应大学生活,那么学校所谓“更好适应大学生活”是要适应什么呢?

也许该校一位老师发布的群消息给出了“答案”:“学校现在格外重视考研率,下命令任何学生组织和社团不准向大一新生招新,一律延后至下学期招新。”这里面的思路似曾相识。初中的孩子们曾被这样告诫,“一切要给中考让路”;高中的学生们曾被这样告诫,“从现在开始要进入高考倒计时”。当高等教育者以同样的方式定义大学功能时,无怪乎会产生这样的判断——社团活动影响课业,无怪乎会认为,“适应大学生活”仅指适应“学习”,而不是适应“生活”。

这与人们对大学的正常预期恰好相反。在人格养成的链条上,大学教育处于一个人从未成年人向社会人转变的接榫处。在知识和技能累积上,大学教育处于从模仿迈向创造的关键点。对中国社会而言,因为基础教育阶段难以避免的升学至上导向,大学更是在这两点上发挥着决定性作用,必须尽力帮助年轻人从适应单一评价标准迈向适应多维评价标准。更具体地说,既要提供给年轻人升学的机会,又要让他们理解,考研并非人生唯一的、排他性的目标。

在这个社会化的过程中,社团发挥着重要的助推作用,一流的大学必然有一流的社团文化。在美国,耶鲁大学有近600个社团面向本科新生招新,哈佛大学、杜克大学“以学生为中心”的社团支持与服务体系常被引入教育学学者论文。社团的申请、组织、管理和经费筹措过程,提供了公民教育的最好实践,展示了自由的含义和限度,普及了权与责的关系,培养了统筹和决策思维,打开了创造与创新的视域。这些都在狭义的“学习”之外,却指向了大学生活最重要的目标,提供了一个大学新生应该及早建立起来的视角。

有人说,没有社团的大学不是真正的大学。顺着这个思路讲,没有经历社团的大学生,也没有开始真正的大学生活。让一个刚刚走过艰难升学之路的年轻人见识大学之大、之不同,要从摈弃狭隘的学习观念开始,从让学习回归生活开始。

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