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欧盟反垄断迷局:英特尔案8年首现反转,谷歌上诉

2017-09-14 10:02:28   央广网

与连续3任欧盟竞争委员对峙了长达8年时间,美国电脑芯片生产巨头Intel(英特尔)公司终于在垄断问题的漫漫上诉路上迎来了一个小小转机。最终在一个技术细节上,于上周得到了欧洲最高法院的支持。

这一结论不仅让英特尔振奋,也使刚被欧盟重罚的谷歌或是仍被调查惴惴不安的高通受到鼓舞。被罚三个月后,北京时间9月11日晚间,谷歌正式宣布对欧盟的反垄断裁决提出上诉。

然而,这通往希望的长路,却远非坦途。

若细究欧洲法院这份语意婉转的判决书,第一财经记者获得了完全不同的多元答案:有人甚为不屑,认为是“老妈子吵架”似的技术细节纠缠;另一部分人却觉得,这意味着英特尔未来有极大的获胜可能,且将会显著地减少欧盟委员会(下称“欧委会”)在滥用支配地位案例上的自由裁量权。

2015年末,欧洲法院法律总顾问尼尔斯·瓦尔(Nils Wahl)在卢森堡的办公室接受第一财经记者专访时表示,在以往欧委会的反垄断案中,鲜有被欧洲法院推翻的案例。但到了去年,他发表了不具约束力的意见,称英特尔的行为未必妨害竞争,应支持其上诉。如今,由于瓦尔已深涉其中,他对第一财经记者回应称,目前不能就该案做任何述评。

不过,第一财经记者从熟悉欧盟上诉流程的所有信息渠道综合来看,英特尔即便有获胜的微茫希望,但“战斗远未结束”,这个转折只能换得未来几年持续上诉的可能性而已。本届竞争委员玛格丽特·维斯塔格的任期明年秋季也将结束。在那之前,大概是很难看到结论了。

玛格丽特·维斯塔格

关键细节反转8年上诉路

欧洲法院的最新裁决将公众的记忆再一次拉回到了8年前。

2009年5月,欧委会认定英特尔垄断罪名成立,对其处以10.6亿欧元(约合12.7亿美元)的罚款,一举开创了反垄断史上的天价罚单。这一纪录今年6月被2014年履新的玛格丽特·维斯塔格打破:谷歌被处以24.2亿欧元(约合29亿美元)的罚款。

英特尔垄断案与2002~2007年期间,其生产的“x86”中央处理芯片有关。欧盟称,英特尔以不公平的方式,给予戴尔、惠普、NEC和联想等PC制造商回扣,目的是让这些厂商采购英特尔的芯片,从而打压竞争对手AMD。

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