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开学季“学校恐惧症”患者急增 最小者只有两三岁

2017-09-13 19:21:24   央广网

央广网北京9月13日消息(记者孙冰洁)暑假结束,各大中小学相继开学。“不想上学、晚上失眠、上课走神……”在一些人“司空见惯”的“开学综合症”之外,却是另一些青少年正在与之对抗的“学校恐惧症”,稍不留神,就会滑向更严重的“灰色地带”。

  看不过来的“学校恐惧症”

直到晚上七点左右,中山大学儿童少年心理行为发育研究中心主任静进才结束了一天的工作,走出门诊室。

从早上8点多钟来到诊室,到晚上离开,他平均一天要接待10名左右的青少年患者,这个工作量几乎已经达到了他的接诊极限,“四小时看5个,我已经精疲力尽了。”静进告诉记者。

这种“疲惫”来自于近期青少年心理门诊量的逐渐增多,其中特别引起他注意的,则是在众多有情绪障碍的儿童青少年中,“学校恐惧症”罹患者的数量在近期不断上升,而这段时间,恰逢全国各大高校、中小学的开学季。

  

北京某医院儿童青少年心理门诊

类似的情况也发生在北京,北京大学第六医院的儿童青少年心理门诊,平均每名医生的日看诊量在12名左右,而专家号往往要至少提前两天三预约。下午三点左右,门诊室外的十几张座椅,坐满了等待的家长与孩子。专门从吉林梅河口赶来的李雪(化名)告诉记者,本来周一已经预约,但因为专家临时有事,一等就等到了周三。尽管孩子只有7岁,但对学校的强烈拒斥让她觉得“不能再等了”。

“学校恐惧症”,按照临床说法,是一种较为严重的青少年心理疾病。多见于7-12岁的小学生。由于存在各种不良心理因素,使学生害怕上上学,害怕学习,具有恐怖心理,故又称“恐学症”。

与一般青少年在开学时对上学的“排斥”心理不同,静进向记者解释,罹患“学校恐惧症”的儿童青少年,除了情绪上的厌恶、反抗外,还会有生理上的系列反应,如恶心、呕吐、头痛、失眠等症状。

12岁的初一学生杨磊(化名)即是其中一例。

  “这是病,得治”

出现在北京大学第六医院门诊室的杨磊,一身休闲运动装,从外表来看与一般中学生并没太大区别。只是他“从开学第一天就开始不想上学,但小学没有这种情况。在家时还好,但一想到要去学校或到了学校就感觉心里非常难受,感觉气短,心慌……”

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