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伊金霍洛防沙治沙低效林改造促林分质量提升

2017-09-12 18:16:29   央广网

央广网鄂尔多斯9月12日消息(记者郑颖 金建军)展开卫星云图,一弯深深的碧绿,像展开翅膀的雄鹰一般,紧紧地扼守着坐落在伊金霍洛旗甘德利草原上的成吉思汗陵。677万株、9667公顷的绿化面积为美丽的天骄圣地筑起了一道坚固的生态屏障——伊金霍洛旗防沙治沙项目区。这片绿色也代表了鄂尔多斯人永无止境的创造精神,也承载着鄂尔多斯人敢让家园换新颜的“治沙梦”。

新中国成立初期,伊旗风沙危害和水土流失非常严重,不屈不挠的劳动人民进行了艰难的治沙造林,但由于当时技术不成熟、树种少、苗木短缺等因素制约,最早栽植的杨树、柳树、榆树等已进入成、过熟龄,长势衰败,形成了“小老树林”。

科学改造“小老树林”,通过创新技术让这片圣地重染绿色是鄂尔多斯人的职责和义务。为此,按照我市打造“绿化大市”、创建“国家森林城市”的总体要求,伊旗推进生态强旗战略,把防沙治沙工作从最初的沙化土地治理向生态质量提升转变。为了提高林分质量,改善人居环境、打造森林城市和提升旅游区整体形象,从2010年开始,结合成陵大旅游总体规划,由地方政府投资,启动实施了成吉思汗陵视觉景观区绿化工程,也就是伊金霍洛旗防沙治沙项目区。此项工程以推广沙地樟子松治沙造林为主,按照针阔混交比例8:2,种植樟子松、旱柳等乔木677万株,在成吉思汗陵周边完成绿化造林面积9666.7公顷,退化、老化的杨树、榆树逐步被樟子松、旱柳等树种替代,退化林地得以全面修复,森林品质和综合防护效益进一步提升。2015年,以该项目区为核心景观区的“内蒙古成吉思汗国家级森林公园”获得国家林业局正式批准,成为我国西北地区唯一的以人工林为主体的国家森林公园。

2010年开始,绿色在星星点点中连成片形成面。依托国家级森林公园建设,伊旗又采取国家林业重点工程与地方林业生态工程、社会造林相结合的方式,在成吉思汗陵周边其他未更新的林地内启动了低质低效林改造试点项目,累计完成改造面积3000公顷,栽植各类苗木133万株,造林成活率达到95%以上,其显著成效成为“三北”地区低质低效林更新改造示范点之一。2017年,为创新驱动,吸引更多社会资本投入国土绿化,伊旗率先创建全国唯一一处“互联网+”义务植树示范点,通过将新一代信息技术与义务植树相结合,为社会公众提供更多更便捷的尽责形式,推进全民义务植树。

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