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联合国环境署主任:中国治沙成绩显著,措施有效

2017-09-12 17:00:53   

中国日报9月12日电 (记者 郑金冉)联合国副秘书长、联合国环境规划署执行主任埃里克•索尔海姆评价中国治沙成绩显著,措施有效,塑造了以塞罕坝林场、库布其沙漠治理为代表的一批项目,说明中国在防沙治沙,扩大绿化面积中形成的一系列经验措施在环境改善效果上和经济效益上都是成功的,值得向其他国家推广。

塞罕坝位于河北省北部,曾经是茫茫荒原。自1962年以来,三代塞罕坝林场人久久为功,坚持植树造林,建设了百万亩人工林海,森林覆盖率由建场时不到12%,提高到2016年的80%。

国家发改委数据显示,同期,森林面积、林木蓄积量扩大了3.6倍和29.6倍,远远超出全国水平,有效阻止了内蒙古浑善达克沙地南侵,扩大了湿地面积,改善了区域小气候,为京津冀及华北地区改善生态环境做出了贡献。

如今,塞罕坝每年为京津地区输送净水1.37亿立方米、释放氧气55万吨,成为守卫京津的重要生态屏障。

索尔海姆在接受中国日报专访时,表示十分赞赏中国在防沙治沙上做出的贡献和努力,尤其是在塞罕坝林场和库布其沙漠治理上。

他说“塞罕坝林场现在成为世界上最大的人工林,这是几代人在55年艰苦努力的成果,这也是科学治理措施长期实施的成果。”

去年,索尔海姆曾考察调研内蒙古库布其沙漠治理项目,这也给他留下了非常深刻的印象。

库布其沙漠是中国第七大沙漠,位于内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原北部,总面积 1.86万平方公里。八九十年代,冬春狂风肆虐,黄沙漫卷,800公里之外的北京由此饱受沙尘暴之苦。但是在过去30年的治沙征途里,当地政府群众和亿利集团尝试科学的生物固沙方法,目前库布其沙漠有三分之一的沙化土地上披上了绿装,沙尘暴次数明显减少,生物多样性逐渐恢复。

索尔海姆提到,中国在治沙防沙过程中,不仅做到了环境上的大幅提升,无论在库布齐沙漠还是塞罕坝林场,森林覆盖率等有显著提升,同时也摸索出一条绿色可持续发展的路径。

库布齐沙漠治理过程中,亿利集团开展生态农牧业、光伏项目,开发生态旅游等等可持续发展模式。目前,绿色经济创造了数以亿元的生态财富,累计带动了沙区10 多万人彻底摆脱贫困。

国家发改委数据显示,塞罕坝林场大力发展生态经济,目前已形成旅游、绿化苗木、风电、采伐四大优势支柱产业,其中2016年旅游、绿化苗木、风电项目收入1亿元以上,已超过林木采伐收入,步入了绿色可持续发展的良性循环。

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