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“2017中国企业500强”发布 制造业“笑傲江湖”

2017-09-11 10:13:38   央广网

央广网北京9月11日消息(记者刘楠刘天思范存宝)据经济之声《天下财经》报道,中国企业联合会、中国企业家协会昨天共同发布了“2017中国企业500强”榜单。榜单显示:金融行业利润普遍下降,制造业人均利润增长近三成,“虚”“实”经济体发展不平衡的状况有所缓解。

证券业“愁云惨雾”,制造业“笑傲江湖”

本届“中国企业500强”的入围门槛为283亿元,比去年大幅提高了将近40亿元,500强总收入达到了创纪录的64万亿元。如果分行业来看,证券业一片愁云惨雾,人均利润下降了将近50%。而银行业的表现也不怎么样,17家上榜的商业银行营收下降3.69%,五大国有商业银行营收全部负增长。

再来看制造业,今年上榜的245家制造业企业共实现净利润5493亿元,占500强净利润总额的19.42%,一改过去五年净利润占比连续下降态势。而五大国有银行的净利润合计占500强企业净利润总额的32.74%,比例连续三年下降。

国际关系学院副教授刘斌解释说,制造业表现较好有两个方面的原因:“首先从政策上来讲,今年金融的政策、产业的政策,包括从供给侧改革的产能压缩的政策来看,都有利于实业经济的复苏。第二个方面,也是和中国现在从制造端、原材料端,从整个产业经济的上游的价格不断好转有关系。”

制造企业两极分化严重,多数谋求新的转型空间

业内分析认为,榜单显示,金融业向下,制造业向上,“虚”“实”经济体不平衡态势有所缓解。但是,值得注意的是,制造业的利润主要还是来自少数企业,其中净利润超过100亿元的制造业企业有24家,净利润加在一起,占制造业上榜企业净利润将近50%。而其它大部分制造业企业还在艰难求生。

刘斌指出:“不同的细分制造行业里,既有红海也有蓝海,还有一些新发现的新的市场空间。所以现在很多制造业的公司都在自己的细分的行业里面,在自己的这个产业链的曲线上,都在谋求新的转型的空间。即使不谈产业链的差异,在某一个具体环节上,不同的细分的制造领域,目前,它的利润率的水平还是有差异的。有些竞争比较激烈,所以它的毛利率就会很低。”

服务企业不可小觑,经济结构优化势头明显

尽管总体来看,今年制造业的情况有所好转,但是,与4年前相比,中国企业500强中制造业企业为245家,减少23家,不过,服务业企业则增加了27家。中国企业联合会副理事长李建明认为:这意味着我国经济结构优化势头明显,新经济、新动能不断涌现。

李建明介绍说:“退榜企业基本上都是黑色冶金、建筑业、煤炭采选业等传统产业,新进榜单企业不少是国家鼓励加快发展的战略新兴产业和现代服务业的企业,像互联网服务、电力电气设备制造、多元化投资等。”

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