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飓风“艾尔玛”锁定美国 佛罗里达上演大撤离

2017-09-10 18:17:39   央广网

央广网北京9月10日消息 据中国之声《新闻晚高峰》报道,“这是一个危及生命的情况。你们必须立即离开。”这是美国南部佛罗里达州州长斯科特在当地时间9日向当地民众发出的警告。覆盖数百万人口的撤离命令几天前就已经做出,佛罗里达半岛几乎全部沿海地区都被美国气象部门列入了飓风“艾尔玛”的警报区域。但截至9日,仍有部分民众迟迟不愿离开家园。

最近几天,大西洋飓风“艾尔玛”已经荡平多个加勒比海岛,导致至少25人丧生。9日,在冲击古巴北部沿海之后,“艾尔玛”开始扑向美国本土。

中国国际广播电台驻美国记者赵新宇介绍,美国国家飓风中心消息称,预计“艾尔玛”在美国东部时间10日早上登陆佛罗里达,随后会一路向北进入佐治亚州而后进入田纳西州。最新的预测是“艾尔玛”将从佛罗里达州的西海岸登陆,坦帕、迈尔斯堡和佛州小城那不勒斯很可能迎来飓风的正面撞击。但鉴于飓风影响面积比整个儿佛罗里达州的面积都大,因此佛州东海岸也同样会遭受狂风暴雨巨浪洪水的洗礼。

总计已经有630万佛罗里达人被要求撤离,布劳沃德县和迈阿密海滩都宣布实施宵禁。佐治亚州也已经有54万人被疏散。

目前佛州各地开放了超过260个避难中心。佛罗里达州各级政府、美国各大媒体一直在敦促民众服从撤离令。另一方面,过去几天里,气象部门一直预计飓风会在佛罗里达东海岸迈阿密附近登陆,但最新预测的登陆地点是在西海岸坦帕附近,导致一度向西撤离的民众又被迫开始第二次疏散。

在这一轮“艾尔玛”飓风灾害之前,美国本土刚刚经历了另一场飓风的冲击,肆虐德克萨斯州的“哈维”飓风造成超过60人丧生,大批民众无家可归,经济损失高达1600亿美元。而这一次的“艾尔玛”飓风,破坏力恐怕将比“哈维”更加强大。

在上一次的“哈维”救灾过程中,美国政府的救援能力一度饱受抨击。这一次,面对新一轮飓风灾害警报,美国总统特朗普在8日签署了150亿美元的赈灾法案。在当天的每周例行讲话中,特朗普也把抗击飓风灾害放在了首要位置,“从德克萨斯到路易斯安那,从佛罗里达州到波多黎各,还有美属维京群岛,这其中的每一个地方会受到这场可怕风暴的影响。我们可以撑过这场灾害,并且变得比以往更加强大。”

从“哈维”到“艾尔玛”,近段时间,美国接连遭遇破坏力惊人的自然灾害。一方面,自然灾害考验着美国政府的救灾动员能力;另一方面,接二连三的大型灾害,也让舆论开始重新审视气候变化理论。

新华社驻美国记者刘帅今天早些时候采访了美国密歇根大学气候变化问题研究专家理查德·鲁德,他表示,科学家们正在越来越多地认同全球变暖正让今天的飓风不同于50年前的飓风的观点,不同之处可能在于,目前降雨多出了大约10%,从而使飓风影响超出了我们可能已经准备好应对的范畴。

在“哈维”之前,美国已经经历了没有强飓风登陆的最长历史时间记录,此外在全球气候变暖的大背景下,两场接连发生的强飓风是不是会成为一个新常态,这也是科学界仍在争论的话题。无论怎样,两周内两场强飓风都再次为我们敲响了气候警钟。

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