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法制日报:志愿服务无偿化须细化制度

2017-09-10 09:42:37   央广网

应进一步明确和细化相关配套制度,使之具有切实的可操作性,以消除志愿服务无偿化落地过程中的“中梗阻”

近日国务院发布《志愿服务条例》(以下简称《条例》),自2017年12月1日起施行。根据《条例》规定,开展志愿服务,应当遵循自愿、无偿、平等、诚信、合法的原则,志愿服务组织、志愿者不得向志愿服务对象收取或者变相收取报酬(9月7日《法制日报》)。

《条例》首次以法律的形式对志愿服务的内涵进行了准确界定。《条例》规定,志愿服务是指志愿者、志愿服务组织和其他组织自愿、无偿向社会或者他人提供的公益服务。志愿服务既然被界定为公益服务,就理应不能收取服务对象的任何报酬。所以,无偿化不仅应成为志愿服务的标配,而且应成为志愿服务的本质属性。志愿服务有偿化,既背离公益原则,又与志愿服务的本质属性南辕北辙,无助于志愿服务事业的健康发展。

近年来,我国志愿服务事业蓬勃发展,较好地发挥了公益作用,但客观上也存在志愿服务活动不够规范、保障和激励机制不够完善等问题。特别是经费保障的严重不足,让一些志愿服务组织为解决经费的燃眉之急,不得不变相通过各种形式向服务对象收取报酬。同时,一些不良志愿服务组织和志愿者借口经费没有保障,打着志愿服务的幌子,干着敛财的不法勾当,给志愿服务的公信力带来损害。基于以上情况,以法律的形式将志愿服务定格在无偿化的公益服务轨道上,实乃题中之义。

此次国务院颁布并即将实施的《条例》,对志愿服务的经费保障作了顶层设计,明确要求各级政府和相关部门要合理安排志愿服务的所需资金。在肯定这一顶层设计的积极意义之余,更应看到,此举固然有利于志愿服务经费保障机制的构建,但和“天下之事不难以立法,而难于法之必行”的道理一样,原则性的规定虽然解决了志愿服务经费的“有法可依”难题,但如果没有细化的配套制度作为依托,恐怕也会沦为纸上大饼。毕竟,任何良好制度的落地生根,须臾离不开完善的配套保障制度。没有可供操作和执行的具体配套制度,即使顶层设计再好,也必然遭遇“只能看上去很美”的尴尬。有鉴于此,细化和完善相关配套制度,让严密完善和可供操作执行的配套制度保障志愿服务的无偿化,显然是躲不开、绕不过的关键环节。

完善相关配套保障制度,让志愿服务更好地“扬帆远航”,考验着政府及相关职能部门的管理智慧。政府和相关职能部门不能仅满足于促进志愿服务无偿化“有法可依”的追求,应同时着眼于如何让志愿服务无偿化真正落地生根的治本之策,系统地对志愿服务经费的保障、监督、责任追究等作出一揽子操作性强的具体规定,并以此构建起志愿服务无偿化的长效机制。如此才能真正确保志愿服务的无偿化不停留在纸上谈兵的层面。

毋庸置疑,志愿服务无偿化的顺利落地,关乎志愿服务事业的健康发展,不应陷入“知易行难”的境地。《条例》将志愿服务规范在无偿化的公益轨道,迈出了志愿服务无偿化的关键一步,无疑为杜绝志愿服务有偿化奠定了坚实基础。政府及相关职能部门在贯彻过程中,应进一步明确和细化相关配套制度,使之具有切实的可操作性,以消除志愿服务无偿化落地过程中的“中梗阻”,从而确保志愿服务无偿化最大程度地释放出公益服务的正能量。

跟帖

要有效激励

需要建立有效的激励和保障机制,把志愿服务的要求融入各项经济、社会政策之中,体现到市民公约、村规民约、学生守则、行业规范之中。不仅要让志愿者感到光荣,更要让他们无后顾之忧。比如,有些地方为志愿者提供安全、医疗、交通、通信等保障,并开展相关的知识和技能培训,还有些地方加强对志愿者行为的认定、鼓励和支持,让志愿者获得更多认同感。

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