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[喜迎十九大]山东:率先用考核奖惩杠杆促大气环境质量改善

2017-09-07 20:11:45   央广网

央广网济南9月7日消息(记者王成林 山东台记者姜文超 济南台记者臧立中)据中国之声《全国新闻联播》报道,山东在全国首创大气生态补偿制度,用考核奖惩杠杆调动各地治污积极性,促进大气环境质量改善,三年来成效显著。

前不久,在今年第二季度大气质量考核中,山东济南商河县拿到了46万元的环境空气质量补偿金。商河县常务副县长陈晓东表示,“虽然数额并不多,但是对我们的激励是多方面的,一方面它纳入年度绩效考核;另一方面,让我们做空气质量改善的有了更大的信心。”

商河县之所以能拿到补偿金,是因为县里实施了一项大工程——取消燃煤锅炉。与商河县相反,因PM10浓度同比上升,济南平阴县和济阳县分别向市里上缴了100万元。一奖一罚的背后,是济南空气质量持续不断的改善。济南市环保局局长侯翠荣称:“刚刚过去的8月份,是从有PM2.5监测56个月以来,我们的综合指数质量最好的一个月。它就是我们的指挥棒,会根据生态补偿对我们的考核来审视工作存在的问题,了解应该在哪些地方更加大力度。”

根据大气质量改善情况奖罚分明,“谁保护、谁受益;谁污染、谁付费”,这就是三年前山东在全国率先制定出台的大气生态补偿制度,它建立了环境空气质量恶化城市向改善城市进行补偿的横向机制,每季度考核细颗粒物(PM2.5)、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、二氧化硫(SO2)和二氧化氮(NO2)四个指标。指标下降,就按照标准奖励;指标上升,需要上交生态补偿金。在综合指标考核基础上,对单项指标优质的再给予一次性奖励。PM2.5、PM10年均浓度达到二级标准的市,省级分别一次性给予600万元奖励;NO2、SO2年均浓度达到一级标准的市,分别给予300万元和200万元奖励。

山东省环保厅大气污染防治处处长肖红说:“排名公开,一个季度一兑现,效果还是发挥得很好。你改善了空气质量,排名往前了,谁拿到的钱越多,相当于拿到奖金了,面子里子都有;谁要往回交钱,市政府脸上就很没面子。这起到了激励、鼓励作用。”

考核指挥棒调动了山东各地大气污染防治的积极性,空气质量有了质的飞跃。今年上半年,山东省细颗粒物(PM2.5)平均浓度下降近十分之一,老百姓看得见的“蓝天白云、繁星闪烁”天数比去年增加了8天。山东省环境规划研究院院长谢刚认为,通过这种机制,建立了地区间的生态补偿,促进大家尽可能下大力气去改善当地环境质量。

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