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丝路古城新貌:农旅结合 小葡萄带来敦煌大变化

2017-09-07 14:36:52   央广网

敦煌,一座位于河西走廊最西端的城市,除了莫高窟、月牙湾这些响亮的名片,敦煌还有一个美誉——“瓜果之乡”,以葡萄为主的林果产业一直是敦煌市农村经济发展的重要组成部分。万年雪山融水,千里大漠绿洲,三百天的艳阳高照和二十度的昼夜温差,加上沙质土壤、北纬40°的地理优势,使得敦煌非常适宜发展葡萄产业。从汉代开始,敦煌人就已经开始种植葡萄,栽培技术相对成熟,真正大规模种植,是从20世界60年代开始的。作为全市发展葡萄产业最早的乡镇,阳关镇有不少关于葡萄的故事。

推广标准化种植 阳关镇农户脱贫增收

阳关镇营盘村农民技术员张国平(图/成苗苗)

出生于1980年的张国平是阳关镇营盘村的农业技术员,张国平出生时,正值当地采用政府扶持、行政命令、供销公司定点抓片等措施定植葡萄的时候,“那时种葡萄的农户还不多”,张国平回忆道,“当时种小麦、棉花的比较多”。由于还没有从“以粮为纲,全面发展”的观念中解放出来,当时阳关镇农民发展葡萄产业的积极性不高,建设速度缓慢。这一时期全镇葡萄种植面积不到四千亩。

经过调整转型,2000年之后,阳关镇葡萄种植进入规模发展阶段,敦煌市葡萄种植产业也日趋壮大。中共敦煌市委书记詹顺舟接受采访时表示,7、8年前,敦煌市葡萄种植已经有了一定规模,有了规模就有了产业风险,如何保障农民增收是一个新的需要考虑的问题。近年来,敦煌市为此采取了一些列措施,标准化是其中之一,全面推广 “一沟(沟灌)、双控(控产量,控植物生长调节剂、化肥、农药的使用深度和次数)、五项技术(配方施肥、抹芽定梢、疏花疏果、果实套袋、分级采收)”。标准化种植,在阳关镇也逐渐兴起。

2011年,刚刚20出头的张国平开始参加政府组织的技术培训,担任农民技术员,一边学习,一边向农户推广和宣传葡萄标准化种植技术。“刚开始也很难,农户怀疑这一套管不管用”,为了调动农民积极性,政府采取了村干部带头种植、苗木补助、聘请技术员指导等多种措施。作为解决葡萄种植技术最后一公里推广的农民技术员,张国平先亲自做了试验,看到效果后,农户逐渐认可了标准化种植,张国平自此也被大家称为镇上葡萄标准化种植的“带路人”。

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