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炮轰“牛蛙战争”究竟指向谁

2017-09-07 11:37:07   国际在线

9月开学之际,一位68岁上海退休教授撰写了一篇名为《牛蛙之殇》的文章,炮轰“幼升小牛蛙战争”,字字扎心。据悉,上海有个不成文的说法:小孩考上上海四大民办小学,是牛蛙,若没考上,是青蛙。为了备战“幼升小”,往往从3岁开始,就被家长打鸡血,以便赢得这场“牛蛙战争”。然而,该退休教授全家人一场耗费3年的“牛蛙战争”,以失败告终。

这名退休教授所写的情况,既令人同情,也让人愤慨。同情是因为,为了让孩子成为牛蛙,继而上重点高中、进入名牌大学,从3岁开始的每一天孩子都被家长用各种跨年龄层的知识填满了,结果是孩子因患幼儿抽动症没能进入想上的学校,医生说这是由于长期压力导致的病症。愤慨是因为,在这种“牛蛙战争”的背后,家长、学校、教育资源不均都扮演了不光彩角色,起了反作用。

“望子成龙”是中国家长普遍心理。家长希望孩子上好学校,其出发点也没有错,但为了孩子上好学校,一些家长既忽视了教育规律和孩子承受力,也忽视了孩子的基本权利。对3岁到6岁孩子的教育,我国《幼儿园工作规程》要求“以游戏为基本活动”,即以“玩”为主,然而上海这名退休教授的外孙,承受的却是超负荷教育。可以说,无论是“牛蛙战争”失败还是孩子因“压”患病,“祸首”都是家长。

对孩子进行超负荷教育的家长在国内有很多。一些家长为了让孩子上名小学或重点班,除幼儿园正常教育外,几乎每天安排孩子到社会上各种培训班上课,孩子基本没有自己的时间和空间。从这个角度而言,退休教授炮轰“牛蛙战争”,实际上是在炮轰自己以及类似中国家长,其指向的是,家长的攀比心理、“拔苗助长”等错误做法最终对孩子是一种伤害,而不是真正为孩子好。

其次,炮轰“牛蛙战争”也是炮轰所谓“四大民办小学”。虽说民办小学有自主招生权,但《义务教育法》明确规定“适龄儿童、少年免试入学”,各级教育部门也多次重申公办、民办学校均不得采取考试方式选拔学生。然而,上海四大民办小学却堂而皇之实行考试入学。包括这名退休教授在内的很多家长,为了让孩子通过考试进入四大民办小学,于是就像打了鸡血一样给孩子填充各种跨年龄层的知识。

这些学校除了考学生,还会“考”家长。比如通过父母对体重的控制来看家庭的修养,通过父母的工作背景来看孩子未来的发展规划等,这种“考”的确很荒谬。今年5月媒体就曾曝光过这种现象,上海市教委获悉相关情况后,曾给出4条处理意见,包括通报批评、追究责任、核减明年招生计划等。但这样的处罚是否彻底遏制了民办小学考学生“考”家长呢?

另外,也是在炮轰教育资源分配不公。据报道,在上海,从公立学校考上复旦这类名校的机会,基本都被垄断在几家重点高中里。而这些重点高中的名额,又基本被几所民办学校的孩子提前“预订”。对不少孩子而言,只有进入几所民办学校才能进入重点高中和名牌大学。可见,这几所民办学校及几家重点高中高度集中了上海优质教育资源,迫使家长不得不参加“牛蛙战争”。

虽然民办学校占有优质教育资源是市场决定的,但其他公办小学、初中缺少优质教育资源,也值得教育主管部门反思。尤其是几家重点高中高度集中优质教育资源,不仅对其他高中不公,也把压力传导给幼儿及其家长。希望这名退休教授所写的《牛蛙之殇》的文章,能引起教育主管部门高度重视,推动逐步解决教育资源分配不公、义务教育违规招生等老大难问题。

(作者:丰收 原标题:炮轰“牛蛙战争”究竟指向谁)

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