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国际调查委员会指责叙冲突各方违反国际法 叙利亚和谈10月份举行

2017-09-07 09:17:04   国际在线

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 刘素云):联合国叙利亚问题独立国际调查委员会6日在日内瓦发布有关叙利亚人权状况的最新调查报告。报告指出,过去几个月中,叙利亚冲突在局部地区出现缓解;与此同时,叙冲突各方继续公然违反国际法,对平民犯下了“难以想象的罪行”。同一天,联合国秘书长叙利亚问题特使斯塔凡•德米斯图拉确认,下一轮叙利亚和谈将于10月份在日内瓦举行。

叙利亚问题独立国际调查委员会于2011成立,刚刚发布的这份报告,是该委员会成立以来的第14份调查报告。调查委员会主席皮涅罗在日内瓦举行的新闻发布会上,介绍了这份报告的主要内容。他说:“这份报告是我们的第14份报告,涵盖的日期是从3月1日至7月7日。报告再次强调,叙利亚全国各地的男子、妇女和儿童仍然是亲叙利亚政府部队、反政府武装及恐怖组织所犯暴力行为的主要受害者。平民继续被迫流离失所,受到蓄意攻击,无法获得人道主义援助和基本医疗服务,并被扣为人质。”

报告同时列举了叙利亚反政府武装和极端组织,以及叙利亚政府军违反国际人权法和人道主义法的行为。

报告指出,在叙利亚的极端组织包括伊斯兰国继续对平民采取野蛮袭击,恐怖组织和其他武装团体则针对宗教少数群体采取多种袭击手段,包括汽车炸弹、自杀爆炸、枪击和劫持人质等。报告举例说,在阿勒颇实施的一起汽车爆炸共造成96人死亡,其中包括68名流离失所儿童。此后,至少有17名平民被武装团伙扣为人质,另一些人仍然失踪。

不过,报告使用较多篇幅以及更强烈的语气,指责叙政府军和亲政府武装犯下的侵犯人权行为,特别是对反对派控制地区的平民使用化学武器,包括沙林毒气、氯化氢,受害者大多数是妇女和儿童。皮涅罗在发布会上表示:“我们要强调,导致叙利亚绝大多数平民遇害和致残的事件,都涉及非法使用常规武器,特别是在平民区使用集束弹药和炸弹,不分青红皂白地实施空中打击。我们也有责任记录这些非法使用被禁止化学武器的行为,它们公然违反了国际人道主义法和人权法,无论肇事者是谁,都应受到追究。”

报告还发现,美国军队在叙利亚对极端组织实施打击时,未能采取预防措施保护平民和民用设施,违反了国际人道主义法。国际联军的空袭行动则继续造成平民的伤亡。

这份调查报告将于9月18日提交在日内瓦举行的联合国人权理事会第36次会议,会议将就此举行专题辩论。

同一天,联合国秘书长叙利亚问题特使斯塔凡•德米斯图拉在日内瓦举行新闻发布会,通报了叙利亚人道主义局势的最新进展,特别是叙利亚的政治解决进程。德米斯图拉强调说,目前叙政府军在收复失地方面取得了进展,但如果没有政治解决方案,但这种状态也难以持续。与此同时,德米斯图拉特别呼吁反对派采取更为务实的立场:“在当前形势下,我不认为任何一方可以宣告他们赢得了战争。对于反对派来说,事实已经清楚地证明,他们不可能获胜。因此,现在该是实现和平的时候了,通过对话谈判,通过双方都做出让步。”

德米斯图拉通报说,有关叙利亚问题的阿斯塔纳谈判下周将再次举行;本月底联合国大会期间,各方也有可能就叙利亚政治进程进行讨论。随后在10月份,他将再次召集叙利亚冲突各方在日内瓦举行谈判。他认为,目前的形势总体上有利于推进叙利亚政治解决进程。

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