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“岩壁芭蕾”,燃起来!

2017-09-07 05:16:51   中国青年网

全运会群众比赛项目攀岩决赛现场。光明图片/视觉中国

相比同样被首次列入全运会群众赛事的广场舞,攀岩实在算不上热门。但也正因这种新奇感,已经结束的全运会攀岩比赛给关注者带来了不小的体验冲击。120多名参赛选手虽身份各异,业余爱好者有之、世界顶尖选手有之,还有跨界来尝鲜的运动员,但却实现了同台竞技,这在全运会的比赛中也算得上是“独树一帜”了。

攀岩运动起源于欧洲,因兼具竞技、观赏、冒险等特点,素有“岩壁芭蕾”和“岩壁上的艺术体操”之称。自1987年引入中国后,攀岩以自身独特的魅力吸引了不少年轻人追随,近年来,由于顺应时代发展和人们的精神需求,发展势头更为迅猛。据统计,我国目前攀岩爱好者群体规模在10万人左右,攀岩俱乐部达数千家。放眼世界,攀岩运动的参与人数已超过3500万人,近百个国家和地区开展了这项运动。

近三年来,攀岩运动迎来属于自己的“黄金时代”,这与其日渐庞大的参与人群,尤其是其在年轻群体中的受欢迎程度和影响力不无关系。2015年至2017年,攀岩运动相继获得亚运会、奥运会和全运会的“入场券”,实现“三连跳”,正式成为2018年印尼雅加达亚运会、2020年东京奥运会和正在举行的第十三届全运会的比赛项目。入奥作为一针催化剂,有力推动攀岩运动的全民普及以及竞技水平的提高。

攀岩运动已经拿下了自己的最后一个攀登点,但对于攀岩运动的普及和发展而言,还有不少的“岩点”(攀岩墙上的凸起物)需要攀登。相比做大攀岩场馆的增量、扶持攀岩爱好者组织发展,消除人们对攀岩运动的误解和顾虑,引导青少年和家长理性认识是当务之急。

由于攀岩运动在国内尚属小众,不少人往往会给它贴上不安全、高风险的标签,抑制了人们的关注和参与热情。要扭转这样的刻板印象,既需要有关部门和社会组织加大信息供给和引导,让更充分的信息和攀岩运动的魅力一起抵达更多的人身边,同时也有必要做好攀岩运动的安全培训、保障及监管等一系列工作,为“岩壁芭蕾”系好安全带。

撬动社会对攀岩的热情,还需注意到目前“社会热、学校冷”的不均态势。攀岩运动对强健青少年体魄、磨炼其意志的作用是确定无疑的,加强攀岩的校园活动开展,从青年抓起,不仅是夯实该项运动基础的必然之举,而且“塔基”的扩大及稳固也为“塔尖”竞技人才的培养奠定了基础。令人欣喜的是,早在2014年,中国登山协会就制定了“攀岩进校园”计划,到2020年实现“百城千校”的目标,并与地方政府共建攀岩示范推广区。

美国学者埃弗雷特·罗杰斯曾提出著名的“创新扩散理论”。他认为,创新扩散的传播过程呈现为一条“S”曲线,扩散早期采用者少进展速度也慢,但当采用者人数扩大到10%~25%时,扩散会明显加速并保持这一趋势,直到接近饱和点。很难说,攀岩运动在中国的“扩散”已经进入加速期,但可以肯定的是,无论是“攀岩进校园”计划的开展,还是“在全国新建100个攀岩场地”“加大攀岩教练、定线员等人才的培训力度”等事项的落地,诸多举措都将推动该项运动快速发展。

在本届全运会群众攀岩决赛中,女子难度与女子攀石双料冠军被13岁的小将张悦彤摘得。小姑娘表示,她的下一个目标是东京。未来可期,“岩壁芭蕾”,燃起来!

(本报记者 王丹)

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