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法媒:中国方案勾画金砖第二个“金色十年”发展路径

2017-09-06 15:36:45   国际在线

9月5日,国家主席习近平在厦门国际会议中心主持新兴市场国家与发展中国家对话会并发表重要讲话。 新华社记者 马占成 摄

国际在线专稿:作为中共十九大召开前主场外交的“收官之作”,在中国厦门召开的金砖国家领导人第九次会晤备受关注。法国华文媒体《欧洲时报》9月5日发表评论,认为中国国家主席习近平在会晤期间多次总结金砖国家合作经验,直面彼此间“成长的烦恼”,并对未来发展提出建议,得到广泛认同,为重塑全球治理结构提供了新方案。

文章介绍,以“中国方案”为蓝本,此次金砖会晤达成了《厦门宣言》,总计71条,其中谈及全球经济治理架构、国际和平与安全事务的就有30条,分量最重,展现出金砖国家积极参与全球治理的意愿和抱负。而由中国担任轮值主席国的本次会晤,一大特点和创新是推进“金砖+”,也即吸引其他国家参与的拓展模式。邀请有区域影响力的发展中大国共同解决全球问题,体现出金砖国家能力的上升、五国间联结的巩固,亦表明未来新兴和发展中国家间协调的加深、国际舞台上新兴力量行动范围的扩大。

金砖国家合作发展的第一个十年,恰是金融危机拖累世界、全球经济在积弊中挣扎的十年。就如金砖国家第六次领导人会晤发布的《福塔莱萨宣言》中所言,“基于以往国际力量格局形成的全球治理架构逐渐失去其合法性与有效性,导致过渡性、临时性安排日益盛行”,新兴和发展中国家对新的全球治理体系存在共同需求。本次会晤释放出的信号也再次昭告:金砖国家合作机制的更大意义在于其代表广大发展中经济体的利益和呼声,为受制于西方主导政经和话语体系的中小国家提供参考借鉴,为探索一个更公平、更包容、更有效、更持续的全球治理体系做出贡献。

文章指出,对于包括欧洲在内的西方国家,在对新兴大国的有抱负、有作为而侧目或揶揄之时,应该尽量摒弃“他者”心态。欧洲所面临的政治风险在今年虽然下降了不少,也许不会有“黑天鹅”起舞,但更危险的“灰犀牛”从未离开西方。这背后潜藏的逻辑即是全球治理革新的推动力,乃是世界格局变化的推动力。而事实是,世界近几十年来最重要的变化是,新兴和发展中国家不仅在全球经济活动中的权重日益上升,在人口权重、革新力量等方面也在上升。没有新兴大国的参与,G8已无有效治理全球、重塑全球化的可能。G8、G20、金砖等平台并存,关联性与竞争性亦并存,与其彼此拆台,不如相互补位。

全球治理结构的改善当然不限于发展中国家与发达国家关系的再平衡,也有新兴和发展中国家之间的关系协调。金砖国家确实有各自独立的经济及政治利益,也都面临着经济社会和内部治理的结构问题。走过十年合作,面临“成长烦恼”,备受“金砖褪色”质疑,金砖国家之间无疑也需要革新因子。而习近平在此次会晤上就金砖合作提出的多项建议,态度务实,清晰勾画出第二个“金色十年”发展路径。此次厦门会晤也被普遍认为对“金砖模式”有着承前启后的意义。

金砖合作发展的下一个十年,也是世界走出金融危机、挣扎复苏的第二个十年。按照IMF、WTO等国际组织的预计,今明两年全球经济表现将令人振奋,新兴和发展中国家经济增速将达到4.6%和4.8%,从欧洲、亚洲到非洲、美洲,所有增长引擎首次同时运转。经济走出寒冬的过程,也很容易让各个经济体放弃抱团取暖时达成的共识与妥协,回归到旧有体制的惯性中。最近一年保护主义的兴起就是典型例证,对此应有足够的警惕。此次厦门会晤针对南南合作和全球治理给出的“中国方案”,无疑是该背景下的一次成功应对。(徐艺源)

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