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这些干呕可能是疾病信号

2017-09-05 05:31:50   中国青年网

咽部具有防御外来有害因素入侵的功能,而其中之一就是呕吐反射。当我们误食有害的物质或者受到外来的异物刺激时,神经末梢就会将信息传入大脑,从而产生呕吐的反射。不过,山西大医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科主任医师赵慧芳提醒,有些时候,干呕也可能是某些疾病的症状,如果总是在某个特定的时间或环境下发生干呕,一定要当心。

晨起时干呕。有些老人经常出现干呕,尤其是早晨起来比较厉害,检查胃镜也没发现异常,服用胃复安、谷维素、维生素B6等药物也不见明显缓解,但没有其他不适。“这种情况慢性咽炎的可能性较大。”赵慧芳说,慢性咽炎常表现为咽喉部易出现干呕、疼痛或异物感、干燥感、梗阻感、针刺感等不适,由于患者咽后壁常有较黏稠的分泌物刺激,部分患者可出现晨起刺激性咳嗽或干呕。

打嗝时干呕。糖尿病患者打嗝时干呕很可能是胃轻瘫综合征的症状。赵慧芳介绍说,胃轻瘫综合征是指以胃排空延缓为特征的临床症状群,主要表现为早饱、餐后上腹饱胀、恶心、发作性干呕、呕吐、体重减轻等,又称胃麻痹、胃无力等。胃轻瘫长期发展,会出现营养不良,导致体内各种代谢紊乱,反而会使血糖波动,从而加重原有疾病的病情。

刷牙时干呕。多数人在刷牙时产生的轻微咽部刺激并不敏感,不至于恶心呕吐。但有部分人因为体质的差异,或者患有软腭肿胀增厚、腭垂过长等原因,使咽部的反射过于敏感,所以在刷牙的时候牙膏、泡沫、牙刷刷毛接触到舌根、软腭、腭垂或咽壁等位置时,就会出现恶心干呕的现象。赵慧芳强调,软腭肿胀增厚、腭垂过长等引起的恶心干呕,需到医院对症治疗,必要时需手术。

本报记者 张婷

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