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地铁3号线“掘洞”穿越420米邕江

2017-09-05 04:26:43   中国青年网

■本报记者 覃琳

南宁地铁3号线青秀山站—市博物馆站过江隧道区间为3号线的重大风险源。记者昨日了解到,该区间左、右线盾构机分别于7月16日、8月29日到达邕江北河漫滩,这标志着3号线顺利穿越邕江。

3号线穿越邕江有三大难点

“该区间施工共存在三大难点。” 南宁轨道交通集团建设分公司土建三部业主代表郭松涛介绍说,第一个难点是青秀山站—市博物馆站区间全长1990.8米,是3号线最长的盾构区间。因为隧道距离长,掘进过程中对盾构机刀具的磨损比较厉害,对刀具的配置提出了较高要求。

第二个难点是该区间的地层主要为圆砾层,砾岩占比基本达70%,稳定性差、透水性强。根据南宁地铁盾构掘进经验,在这样的地质条件下掘进,盾构机前进速度比较慢,对施工过程的控制标准很高。

第三个难点是需要下穿邕江的同时,还要侧穿南宁大桥。“该区间下穿邕江段长为420米,隧顶最小覆土仅为8.8米。”郭松涛说,首先,下穿邕江有一个难点,就是青秀山站为南宁地铁最深的车站,达到60米,导致从江底到青秀山站的线路有一个30‰的最大坡度,比地铁2号线的28‰还要多出2‰,这对施工提出了很高要求;其次,相比2号线,3号线还需要侧穿南宁大桥。如果在掘进过程中对掘进参数控制不当,可能会导致南宁大桥桩位产生不均匀沉降,从而影响南宁大桥的安全使用”。

“浅土过江”难度风险更大

“穿越邕江时,通过雷达地质扫描测出来的隧顶最小覆土为8.8米。如果不算水里的淤泥,厚度仅为4.7米。同时,侧穿南宁大桥时,隧道区间和南宁大桥桥墩最近仅相距19米。”中铁隧道集团青秀山站—市博物馆站项目经理左龙进一步解释说,这可以称之为“浅土过江”,对比同样要穿越邕江的2号线,难度和风险更大。经研究,施工方使用直控式泥水盾构机。

“这是南宁地铁建设以来首次采用直控式泥水盾构机掘进。”左龙说,这种方式能增大排浆管,解决了始发段砾石直径较大、易堵管问题。同时,对刀盘刀具配置、泥浆循环系统及泥浆处理系统进行了系统性的改造,在已有压滤机处理泥浆的基础上增加了离心机处理系统,使泥浆处理能力显著提升,能较好地抵抗水土压力,过江时不会出现大的沉降和涌水等险情。

3号线已经完成70%盾构施工

结合地铁1号线、2号线下穿南湖、心圩江、邕江等施工经验,3号线青秀山站—市博物馆站区间不仅研究了不同地层中盾构机的掘进参数,加强对盾构机的姿态及沿线地层沉降等方面数据的监测管理,还改造了盾构机设备,优化其设备性能。此外,施工单位还进仓进行刀盘刀具配备,根据其磨损情况,配备适应地层的刀具。

在各方的努力下,3号线青秀山站—市博物馆站区间盾构机穿越邕江期间,盾构机日平均速度刷新了南宁轨道交通类似地层条件下的平均速度。7月16日、8月29日,该区间左、右线盾构机分别到达邕江北河漫滩,标志着3号线顺利穿越邕江,为全线顺利贯通提供了坚实的保障。

下一步,3号线青秀山站—市博物馆站区间左、右线分别计划于今年12月中旬和明年2月中旬到达青秀山站接收。目前,3号线全线车站已基本完工,整体进入附属结构施工阶段,盾构已完成70%的工程进度。

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