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为世界经济注入“金砖动能”(开放谈)

2017-09-05 04:16:43   中国青年网

金秋九月,金砖国家领导人齐聚中国厦门,深化伙伴关系、探讨经贸合作、共绘发展愿景。这不仅再一次向世界展示了中国的开放和自信,更为复苏乏力的世界经济带来了更多希望。

这种希望,首先源自金砖国家自身巨大的经济潜力和良好表现。金砖五国跨越四大洲,面积占世界面积约三成,人口占世界总人口的约四成。20世纪90年代以来,金砖国家一直保持较高经济增速,并成为全球经济增长的主要推动力。过去20年间,金砖国家的年均经济增速达6.8%,而同期发达经济体的年均经济增速仅为2.0%。

然而,若是仅仅将金砖国家自身经济表现出色视为对世界经济的最大贡献,则显然低估了“金砖”的成色。2008年全球金融危机之后,传统发达经济体主导的国际经贸秩序弊端日益突出,以八国集团(G8)为主导的全球经济协调机制已经无法应对危机,新兴经济体有效参与全球经济治理的机制一直处于缺位状态。如何有效地加强新兴经济体在全球经济治理过程中的作用变得十分迫切。在此背景下,中国、俄罗斯、印度、巴西、南非五个大型发展中经济体打造的金砖国家合作机制,无疑将为世界经济复苏注入深层次的“金砖动能”。

从本质上讲,“金砖动能”源自基于互利共赢理念下的对外开放与合作。随着新兴经济体对外经济联系的加深,所面临的风险和挑战也日益增多。金砖国家合作机制恰恰是一个协调新兴经济体政策立场的开放平台。这种基于“开放、包容、合作、共赢”精神的对话机制,既让全球经济治理机制更有生命力,又为处于不同发展阶段的经济体加深对外开放提供了有益的外部环境。

事实上,金砖国家不是封闭的俱乐部,金砖合作的影响也远远超出五国范畴。例如,中国提出的“金砖+”模式,就得到很多新兴市场和发展中国家的欢迎和支持。“金砖+”的理念是开放包容、合作共赢,宗旨是加强金砖国家同其他新兴经济体对话合作,以促进各种优质要素打破藩篱,在更大范围内优化配置,从而为各经济体贡献新的经济增长动能。

正如此次厦门峰会所展示的那样,中国的开放、自信、包容、担当对金砖国家合作机制日益成熟起到了十分重要的促进作用。尽管中国在经济体量上远超过其他金砖国家,但中国在具体经贸合作的事务中始终坚持平等精神,照顾各方关切。不是通过“发号施令”来获取主导权,而是通过比别人做得更多、干得更好、贡献更大来形成自动引领。

开放共赢大势起,金砖动能正蓄力。在某种意义上说,这次在中国主场举办的金砖国家领导人会晤所产生的每一项成果,都是中国对外开放的一张崭新名片。可以预见的是,这些会晤成果将在各方的努力下逐步发挥作用,进而为世界经济复苏注入更多“金砖动能”。

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