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【陋室观复】“蘑菇后遗症”

2017-09-04 08:15:56   中国青年网

立秋之后的一场大雨让北京的气温降下来不少,看着秋高气爽的好天气,跟着心动又开始了久违的街上迈腿瞎转,当然眼睛也是要东瞧西瞅的,于是在一家店里就看到了羊肚菌:这个故土不识字老乡创造的名号赫然标注在店家的商品上,难道学名就叫这个?山民应该不会那么有学问吧。

看见这个稀罕的菌子,故乡的情思悠然而至。

和北方习惯叫蘑菇不同(如草原上的“草蘑、口蘑”),故乡凉山把各色菌类都称为菌子,有伞无伞都是。由于地处横断山边缘,山脊到沟底的落差超过千米通常都不算事儿,如此的地貌,再加上紫外线无阻的阳光灿烂,使得即便是很小的区域内都占有丰富的气候带,于是,南北菌子汇聚,品种多到难以计数。每年夏季菌子繁盛,好这口的自然是趋之若鹜。原因很简单,野生菌是养殖货没办法比的,尽管现在有了脱水保鲜的绝技,但较之新鲜货色口感上差距还是很大的。

坦白说,我对菌子的感情很薄,但因为关涉对故土的眷恋,因之那些旧时的画面还是很清晰的。

往前推几十年,蘑菇基本上是不值钱的玩意儿,除了名头响亮的鸡枞菌,能在市场上换点钱的品种也就是腐朽原木上生长的香菇。可能是各色各样的菌子太多了吧,花钱买有点冤。就说我上初中的年代吧,四点多放学后随便山上转悠几十分钟,三五斤菌子就带回来了。

当时的主要角色是“松毛菌”,也就是松蘑,淡褐色,一片一片的长着,味道也很好,其他的,像牛肝菌、青冈菌什么的还不入大众的法眼。对了,松茸也是边缘化类的产品,原因是松茸固然香味袭人,但有一股淡淡的草味,而且菌肉口感略差。后来意大利和日本人聚众前来采购,松茸的价格陡然就飙升了上去:鼎盛的时候,一公斤脱水的松茸要价超过20美元——相当于那时候的二百五六十元人民币,是普通人好几个月的工资。

虽然如此,但松茸还是难以撼动鸡枞的地位。鸡枞菌的香味浓厚到难以名状,特别是刚冒出土,菌伞还没有打开的“乳”鸡枞。土著典型的烹饪手法是以老母鸡配之炖煮,我估计是为了压住鸡枞的原香,然而,这些都是枉然:沸出的气味和汤汁全然还是鸡枞味道。就像我觉得野生蜂蜜甜得腻味一样,鸡枞之香总是给我晕头的感觉,故而是我尤其不喜欢的品种。好在这些年气候变暖,故土的鸡枞香味渐淡,反倒是多了一点云南品种的甜味,这样也就沦落到可以吃它一吃的地位了。

不过,鸡枞是大宗产品,身价比不上长得有点像镂空的棒槌、灰褐色菌头羊肚状似凹凸沟纵的羊肚菌,因为稀少,价格不菲的羊肚菌多是随行就市。北京店家的脱水货品标价是好几千元一公斤,不知道是野生种还是养殖货——据说现在也有了养殖的产品。

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