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基层教师为何反对“弹性离校”

2017-09-04 06:30:53   中国青年网

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从今年秋季开始,西安市小学全面开始实施弹性离校。凡学校正常放学后,按时离校有困难的一、二、三年级学生均可报名。“弹性离校”期间,学校主要为学生提供延时照顾服务,安排专人照管学生自行复习、作业、预习和课外阅读等,离校时间原则上不超过18:00,此外,“弹性离校”一律实行免费,严禁向学生收费。

“弹性离校”这种免费的公共教育服务的确给家长带来了便利:一则不用花费,而且由学校老师在给孩子辅导功课;二则可以不用着急下班接孩子,免除了后顾之忧。可是在实施过程中仍然会遇到各种各样的问题,比如接送的安全,经费保障,教师的意愿,等等。因为“弹性离校”最后的执行者毫无疑问都落在了基层教师身上。

首先,笔者认为“弹性离校”政策的实施没有充分考虑基层教师的意愿。在此之前,笔者从未见到或听说上级教育部门到基层学校进行“弹性离校”调研,也没有在网络上见到过问卷调查之类的内容。在和基层同事们交流“弹性离校”的事情后,笔者发现绝大多数教师对“弹性离校”持反对意见。因为教师也有自己的孩子需要接送,“弹性离校”实施后,教师根本没有时间接送自己的孩子,这样导致教师的心里根本不得安稳,无奈之下,基层教师仍需把孩子放在托管班。另外,农村基层学校女教师偏多,自国家生育政策开放后,有相当部分女教师怀孕生二孩,本学期笔者所在的学校就有四位女教师怀孕准备生二孩,这种现状导致教师根本无法长时间看管学生,加之要经常请假进行产检等,这些问题都是摆在面前的事实。还有年龄较大的教师有的本身就有慢性病,也难以长时间看管学生。

其次,在“弹性离校”期间出现安全事故如何界定责任?比如,随着秋冬季节天黑得越来越早,如果家长按规定的时间没来接孩子怎么办?这对许多非寄宿学校带来的困惑更大更直接。并且,学校在安排监管教师的时候一个班安排一名显然不够,因为由于低年级孩子太小,弹性离校到下午五六点钟确实时间有些长,有的孩子会感到饥饿,或者有的孩子突发疾病怎么办?学校就得安排另一名教师进行替换,这样,导致学校教师往往周转不开。即使学校和家长签订接送协议,但现实往往都会遇到其他意料之外的事情难以解决,处理起来又十分麻烦,给学校正常工作带来影响。

第三,“弹性离校”使教师正常业务受到较大影响。比如政治业务学习,教研活动的开展以及教师备课,批阅作业等,这些工作都要利用课余时间来进行。而一旦实施“弹性离校”,教师将没有时间开展上述业务工作。

第四,经费保障欠缺。按照“弹性离校”的安排,上级财政按每生每年300元经费拨付。如果每周按4天,每天一个班延迟两节课计算,每学期至少延迟80节课,而一学年就得延迟160节课,计算结果是每节课补助不足2元,再加上学校水电费,消耗品购置等开销,时间长了学校将入不敷出,造成经费使用紧张。

综上所述,基层教师对实施“弹性离校”是持反对意见的。笔者认为要实施“弹性离校”,上级教育部门还必须实地到基层学校进行调研了解,了解学校和教师在实施“弹性离校”中遇到的困难和问题,在充分调研的基础上,帮助基层学校解决实际问题,只有这样,才能把“弹性离校”的政策顺利实施下去。(作者为基层教师)

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