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人生路,只能自己走(墙内看花)

2017-09-04 04:15:52   中国青年网

央视纪录频道播出的5集纪录片《00后》,第一次鲜活地记录了国内“00后”的真实生活。它源自于10年前主创团队的另一部纪录片《小人国》。片中的小主人公们历经幼儿园、小学、初中的学校教育历程,在老师、特别是“努力的家长们”关注的目光下,成长为了《00后》中的他们:与父母无话可聊、陪妹妹玩10分钟都如坐针毡的萌萌,关起房门做网络直播时却如脱胎换骨般地呈现另一幅生动的面孔;从小就能享受独处乐趣的一一已经13岁了,她可以充满哲思地解读人与人之间的交往,甚至利用假期来到那个曾经几乎找不到玩伴的幼儿园做义工;虽然是女孩,辰辰最喜欢的玩具却是刀,她枕边放着一把1米多长的武士刀,刀身纯黑,挥动时发出冷冷的光……《00后》对每个孩子独特性的记录以及他们与家庭成员之间关系的描摹,也许是引起观众关注的缘由。

鲁迅在《上海的儿童》里曾说过这样的意思:中国的父母或者是“为儿女作牛马”,或者是“任儿女作牛马”。如果仅从《00后》中的孩子成长的家庭而言,父母大多属于前者。10年前,他们为懵懂的幼儿们选择了体制外、培养理念较为“自由”的私立幼儿园,就是寄希望于孩子们的天性得以自由成长。然而,小升初之际,梁昊天的家长猛然醒悟,中国体制内教育制度可以带给孩子较为稳定的人生成长路径,而国际化教育有太多不确定性,风险系数过高。于是,孩子进了公立学校,开始了在各种补习班之间为了应试分数的奔波。这也是绝大多数中国家长的共识。在“保险”的体制内教育与“释放天性”的国际化教育之间,到底该如何抉择?于是,所有人都期待可以回到让亲子间可以亲昵的童年时光。

童年,究竟是谁的?

这些在幼儿园度过欢乐时光的“00后”,不再是父母羽翼下的稚童,他们思考起自己的性格、未来、人际关系和内心热爱,他们体验这个世界的五光十色,尝试挑战自己,尝试把握自己的人生。家长对于孩子未来的忧虑、优秀与否的价值判断,完全来自于自身,源自于他们对自己的未来无法掌控的焦灼。于是,他们将最保险、在他们看来最万无一失的选择强加于孩子,却无视或不愿倾听孩子的内心。我们便看到了“努力的家长”与“疲惫的孩子”,虽然在人生的惊涛骇浪中风雨同舟,却不能同舟共济,疲于奔命般地挣扎。

未来,究竟是谁的?

“00后”成长于急速转型发展的中国当代社会。他们个性鲜明,观念开放,接受新鲜事物,自主选择生活。他们将是跟世界交流最密切的一代人。而与“00后”们血脉相连的父母——这些成年人也许在职场叱咤风云,但是当面对自己的孩子时,他们会不知所措,会自我怀疑,得不出确切的答案。

孩子的性格养成、孩子的社交模式、孩子自主意识的萌芽与发展、孩子对于教育模式的认知、父母的职责、父母与孩子之间关系的界限等,是需要每个成年人根据每个孩子的独特性,与孩子们共同探索得出的,家长和教师以及所有的成年人能够做的只是帮助孩子成长,而非剥夺他们探索的机会,代替他们行走属于他们的人生之路。

以北京师范大学纪录片中心主任张同道为首的这个主创团队,用10年跨度,展示了孩子们对既有现实不合理之处的反对:性格外向的孩子就可以受到嘉奖,乐观开朗、夸夸其谈、领导力就是优秀儿童的典范;对现有教育模式的拷问:素质教育的理想和应试教育的体制之矛盾;对与孩子们朝夕相处的家长的质疑,为什么任何事情都要听家长的?主创们试图借此探讨中国当代社会、学校、家庭对“00后”具有怎样的影响,而“00后”又将怎样影响未来的中国社会。其实,无论家长们怎样努力,孩子们如何叛逆,每个人都在人生的洪流中顺应历史地成长。人生的路需要孩子们自己走。

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