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俄媒:美新核弹危及战略平衡 欧洲或现核战争

2017-09-03 10:05:52   国际在线

【环球网军事9月2日报道】“今日俄罗斯”电视台网站8月29日发表题为《核欲望:美国新型B61-12炸弹会不会让使用核武器变得更有诱惑力?》的报道称,政界人士和军事专家们正发出警告说,美国对于已有半个世纪历史的标志性核炸弹的最新改进可能危及全球战略平衡,因为这种武器的特点可能会使它的使用变得过于诱人。

美国已经宣布在内华达州对B61-12核重力炸弹成功进行了飞行试验。这是今年对这种新武器进行的第二次成功试验。

这种炸弹的最新改进版很可能最终出现在美军的欧洲核武器库中,因为根据专家估计,有大约150到200枚B61-3和B61-4炸弹被存放在五个国家的六处基地中。这五国是比利时、德国、意大利、荷兰和土耳其。

俄罗斯《国防》月刊主编科罗琴科说:“这种炸弹的最新改进版的试验表明,美国继续加速进行其在欧洲的战术核武器库存的翻新计划。此外,华盛顿和布鲁塞尔都认为,欧洲有可能爆发有限的核战争。”

科罗琴科还说,假设在北约和俄罗斯之间爆发军事冲突,B61-12必定会成为主要的战术核武器。他说:“在定期举行的军演中,包括在波罗的海的军演中,北约国家的空军一再进行包括对俄罗斯西北部目标发动战术核打击的演习任务。”

美国核武器库的翻新可能重新引发一个长达数十年的争论,即核武器能够保护存放它们的国家,还是会使这样的国家在发生全面冲突时沦为原子武器攻击的目标。

在美国从英国——该国拥有自己的核武器——撤走其核武器之后,时任德国外长施泰因迈尔曾表示,在德国的B61核炸弹是“军事废弃物”,并敦促美国转移走这些武器。

B61-12核炸弹是否违反《不扩散核武器条约》?

美国科学家联合会早在2014年就曾警告说,对B61炸弹进行新的改进可能违反美国国内的核准则。美国空军前参谋长诺顿·施瓦茨上将对美国科学家联合会证实说,新的改进将使这种武器变得“更为优良”,并导致新的“目标集”。施瓦茨的说法与2010年的《核态势评估》报告直接冲突。该评估报告称:“美国将不会发展新的核弹头。寿命延长计划将只使用以往试验过的核部件,并且将不会支持新的军事任务,也不提供新的军事能力。”

俄罗斯外交部不扩散核武器和军备控制司司长米哈伊尔·乌里扬诺夫认为,鉴于新的能力及计划中的用途,B61-12炸弹也将违反《不扩散核武器条约》。他告诉塔斯社:“新改进的B61-12炸弹也打算部署到欧洲多个北约国家的领土上,以构成所谓的联合核任务的框架,执行这些任务的将包括来自没有核武器的北约成员国的飞行员。根据我们的评估,这是与《不扩散核武器条约》义务相矛盾的。”

(原标题:俄媒:美新核弹危及战略平衡 欧洲或现核战争)

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