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旅行社“失联”敲响风险警钟

2017-09-01 10:16:14   央广网

原标题:旅行社“失联”敲响风险警钟

北京青扬五洲旅行社有限公司(下称“青扬五洲”)人去楼空,不少赶来咨询或投诉的游客都吃了闭门羹。一些被欠款的消费者向媒体投诉:“青扬五洲突然停业关张,现在处于失联状态,甚至办公资产已被员工搬空作为工资补偿,害苦了我们这些游客。”据不完全统计,此事涉及游客在数百至千人左右,涉案金额巨大,目前游客已陆续报案。

旅行社“失联”事件发生过多起,这次或许是近期最大的一起——涉及人数众多,涉案金额巨大。综合相关报道来看,受害者中既有消费者,也包括该旅行社员工。消费者的损失是,已经交纳的押金和旅游费用无法拿回。员工的损失是拖欠两个月工资。如今,很多消费者已选择报案,期待警方能够早日找到“失联”的企业高管,努力把消费者损失降到最低。

这起事件的详情还有待进一步披露。就目前媒体呈现的信息看,该事件至少暴露出国内旅游行业存在三大风险隐患,值得我们高度警惕。首先,部分旅行社存在道德和法律风险。近几年来,旅行社“失联”事件已发生多起,而每一起事件背后都有一批受害者。这说明部分旅行社既缺少职业道德,也缺少法律意识,想卷走消费者钱款一走了之。

其次,部分消费者也缺少风险防范意识。多起类似事件发生后,国家旅游局去年对出境游保证金进行过规范,比如规定“签订由旅行社、旅游者、银行参与的出境游保证金三方托管协议”,如果游客都按规范操作,旅行社应该难以卷走押金。另外,青扬五洲还销售理财产品,恐怕没有相关资质,如果消费者事先擦亮眼睛,或许不会购买其理财产品。

更重要的是,法律及监管对这一事件暴露的问题缺少防范。虽然现行《旅行社条例》规定,经营国内旅游业务和入境旅游业务的旅行社,应当存入质量保证金20万元;经营出境旅游业务的旅行社,应当增存质量保证金120万元。但从这一案例来看,这点质量保证金远远不能解决旅行社“失联”带来的损失,是否有必要提高质量保证金标准?

此次事件以及不久前发生的海涛旅游“押金旅游”事件暴露出同一个问题,即旅行社提前收取款项进行投资盈利,再返还消费者押金,这一旅游金融模式存在极大风险,但现行法律法规对此缺少规范,也造成监管缺失。用旅游专家的话说,规定尚处于模糊地带,缺乏有效监管。若不及时完善法规、强化监管,不排除“押金旅游”事件还会上演。

显然,这一事件或涉及多种违法。比如青扬五洲“失联”没有履行合同,涉嫌违反《合同法》。有法律专家还指出,有可能存在无证经营、非法集资、诈骗等问题,涉嫌违反《刑法》等法律。这对其他旅行社是一种警示,对旅游监管者也是一种提醒。不过,最终能否依法追究相关责任人的责任,还取决于能否找到“失联”的旅行社高管。

日前发布的《中国国内旅游发展年度报告2017》指出,国内旅游市场继续维持12%以上的高速增长,预计2017年国内旅游收入达4.4万亿元。旅游已经成为很多消费者的生活方式,但消费者的权益是否有保障,还值得深刻反思。另有报告预测,互联网旅游金融服务将成为带动旅游市场增长的主要力量,但法律法规不能滞后于旅游金融脚步。

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