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国际航空运输业:全球贸易发展的引擎

2017-08-30 19:35:42   中国经济网

国际航协理事长兼首席执行官德·朱尼亚克表示,今年对于航空运输业而言又将是一个成果丰硕之年,货运与客运需求都高于预期。航空业的基础要素——安全、可持续性以及财务业绩都处于稳健状态。在安全方面,根据国际航协发布的2016年商业航空运输安全报告显示,去年共有38亿旅客搭乘4040万次航班安全出行,重大航空事故率(按照每百万架次飞机全毁)为0.39,相当于每256万次航班只发生1起重大事故。与过去5年平均水平相比,总事故率、重大事故和死亡人数均有所下降,表明航空出行更加安全。对于长途旅行而言,航空出行仍然是最安全的方式。

在可持续性方面,去年是国际航空业载入史册的一年。第39届国际民航组织大会通过了具有里程碑意义的“全球航空运输业碳中和方案及减排计划”。全球航空运输业碳中和方案及减排计划引领航空业的可持续性发展,距2020年实现碳中和增长的目标又迈进了一大步。2026年以前,这项计划的实施采取自愿参与的形式,目前已有70个国家参与碳减排计划,占预期的80%以上,国际航协鼓励更多国家可以加入进来。

在财务业绩方面,今年全球航空业预期收入为7430亿美元,预期净利润为314亿美元。全球航空业直接就业岗位达到280万个,投资者则得到了高于成本8.8%的可观回报。强劲的需求促进收益增长,一方面,疲软了6年之久的航空货运需求开始回暖,另一方面电子商务以及药物运输贡献了7.5%的需求增长率。客运需求今年有望增长7.4%,载客率超过80%。

为确保国际航空运输业的可持续发展,国际航协呼吁加强基础设施的建设。预计到2035年,全球航空客运量将达到72亿人次,届时现在的基础设施规划是无法满足行业需求的。欧洲航空安全组织预计,2035年欧洲机场只能满足预期需求的88%,不完善的基础设施对于欧洲造成的经济损失将达到2450亿欧元。业内专家指出,航空运输业需要获得足够支持,在成本合理支出的前提下,行业的服务质量达到顾客期望值时,航空经济才会腾飞。

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