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记者手记:西安,文化遗产丰富的古城

2017-08-29 09:55:39   国际在线

鲁道夫尝试做剪纸

碑林博物馆

国际在线报道(记者鲁道夫、翻译席晶):西安是中国西北部省份陕西的省会。历史上它曾是一座皇城。千年以来,这里都是中国文化的聚集地。如今的西安碑林博物馆以及馆内的孔庙是全国闻名的文物保护单位。

西安碑林创建于公元1087年。博物馆收藏的碑文中,有很大一部分是孔子儒家学说的原文。封建社会知识分子必读的一些经书也陈列于此。对于读书人来说,这里可以说是他们的朝圣之地。这种碑林收藏馆加上学府的组合让人想起了中世纪欧洲的一些寺庙,这些寺庙的任务之一也是传播知识,培养年轻的学者。

除了这些经典的著作之外,这些石碑还在一定程度上见证了汉字的发展。在这些雕刻在石头上的篇章里,人们可以看到如今的汉字在千年前的样子。随着历史的发展,为了书写的方便,人们对汉字逐渐进行了简化。而这个演变的历史过程也在一块块石碑上得到了保存。

同样留存千年的还有西安的皮影戏文化。第一眼见到皮影戏的时候,人们很容易将它和欧洲的布偶戏联系起来,与布偶戏不同的是,皮影戏的内容往往不仅仅是针对儿童的。皮影戏的历史可以追溯到两千年前的汉朝。平面的皮影人物通过灯光被投影到荧幕上,活动的关节保证了小人们可以做出各种灵活的动作。今天观看的皮影戏剧目是广受喜爱的《卖杂货》,讲的是一个年轻人,从小定的娃娃亲,男孩长大了快结婚的时候,装扮卖货郎去看未婚妻的故事。皮影戏的人物造型别具一格,这种古老的艺术形式在欧洲也许只能在一些民族博物馆里才能见到。

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