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全球青年大调查:担忧气候变化、怀疑机器人、期待新的工作机会

2017-08-29 09:44:23   国际在线

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 刘素云):总部位于瑞士日内瓦的世界经济论坛28日发布《2017年“全球杰出青年”年度调查》结果,较为全面地展现了当代全球青年对社会、商业、政治、经济、技术、职业发展和世界未来的看法。调查显示,对气候变化担忧、对机器人的怀疑以及对新工作机会的期待是当今青年人的主要关切。

“全球杰出青年”年度调查由世界经济论坛“全球杰出青年”社区2015年发起。今年的调查问卷共使用14种语言,有来自186个国家的3.1万名青年参与,年龄在18-35岁之间。调查主要涵盖全球技术、经济、价值观、职业发展和国家治理等领域的问题。

调查结果显示,“气候变化和人类对自然的破坏”连续三年被青年人认为是最严重的全球性问题,有九成以上受访者认同或非常认同“人类应该对气候变化负责”的观点。排名第二和第三的全球性问题是“大规模冲突或战争”和“社会不平等”,包括收入不平等、社会歧视;之后受关注的全球性问题依次为贫困、宗教冲突、政府问责与透明治理。78%的受访者对难民持欢迎态度。

此外,青年人普遍认为,技术不只替代人们的工作,同时也在创造新的就业机会。来自不同地区、具有不同收入水平的近八成受访者都认同这一观点。另外,人工智能被视作“下一个重大的技术趋势”。受访者认为,最有可能从技术颠覆中获益的三大行业分别是教育(20%)、医疗(15%)和制造业(14%)。

不过,青年人对机器人普遍持保守的接纳态度。调查中,44%的受访者拒绝为了增强自身能力而在体内植入机器。在回答是否信任机器人为自己做决策时,有51%的人表示不愿意或非常不愿意。在被问及是否支持人形机器人的权利时,有48%的人表示反对,选择“支持”的受访者比例仅为14%;但北美是个例外,选择“可能会支持”的比例略高于选择“不支持”的受访者。

这份问卷调查还让人们更清晰地了解到当今青年人的诉求和期待。首先,青年人期待更多发言权。超过一半(56%)的受访者表示,重要的社会决策忽视了青年人的声音。其次,81%受访者表示愿意为了工作而移居。在青年人愿意前往发展的海外目的地中,美国连续三年排在榜首,其次是加拿大(12%)、英国(10%)、德国(8%)和澳大利亚(5%)。

但在此问题上,各地青年的想法也不尽相同。虽然大多数受访者表示“愿意”在各地区之间迁移,但在撒哈拉以南的非洲地区,超过三分之一(37%)的受访者表示不愿意前往其他地区工作;在亚欧大陆地区,也有四分之一受访者回答“不愿意”。而在北美地区,仅有超过五分之一的青年人表示不愿意为了工作或职业发展而移居海外。

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