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用“黑科技”消除水体黑臭顽疾

2017-08-29 08:58:03   中国青年网

安贤排水沟中铺设的光催化网。

一张石墨烯光催化网正在成都温江区的“臭水沟”上铺开——

绿色36计

黑臭水体治理,是环境保护的难题之一。8月18日,记者从成都市温江区了解到,一项关于黑臭水体治理的“黑科技”——石墨烯光催化网,正在该区进行试验。这项新技术在温江取得了怎样的成效?8月21日,记者进行了实地探访。

□本报记者 蒋君芳 文/图

做试验 用新技术治臭水沟

周继英是温江一家物业公司的工作人员,每日都要清理河道中的垃圾。在她负责的河道中,温江区金马镇境内的安贤排水沟最让她头疼。

安贤排水沟长约1公里、宽约2米,过去是周边农田的灌溉水源之一,后来因上游无来水,仅在雨季承担排洪功能。随着雨水淤积和周边污水排放,安贤排水沟成了一条“臭水沟”。尽管温江区每年都对其清淤等,但一旦降水偏少,沟水就变得又黑又臭。

8月初的一天,周继英清理安贤排水沟时发现,河里铺开了一张网,网的四周还绑了很多红色浮标。铺设人员告诉她,这张网能消除安贤沟的臭味。“这条沟臭了那么久,政府想了不少办法都没有根治,光铺一张网就能解决问题?”周继英心里打了一个大问号。

黑科技,泛指不符合现实世界常理以及现有科技水平的技术或产品。对石墨烯光催化网这项“黑科技”,不光是周继英,就连采用这项技术的政府部门,也没有十足把握。“没看到成果,谁都不敢断言。”温江区水务局副调研员郭俊龙坦言,政府与拥有该技术的公司达成协议——达到治理效果后才会支付费用。

这是一家来自江苏的公司。“我们对自己的产品很有信心,这也是我们在成都的第一个项目。”江阴嘉润石墨烯光催化技术有限公司温江项目相关负责人说。

看成效 臭味消除水变清亮

网铺下去半个月,周继英注意到,沟里的水每天都在变化,“臭味确实消了很多,水也清亮了不少。”

网的颜色从白色变成了黑色。“这是因为网吸附了水中的铁、锰等元素,而这些元素是导致水发黑的关键原因。”该公司负责人向记者解释,光催化网经日光照射后,能分解水制氧,产生氧化活性物质,达到分解水体有毒有机物、增加水体溶解氧的目的,后期还加入了水生植物和动物,最终使水体改善、生态修复。

不过,这张网对工作环境比较挑剔。“公司要求水流速度不能高于0.1米/秒,不能太浅,同时河道宽度最好超过2米,因为网撑开后的宽度是2米。”郭俊龙指着沟的末端说,“为了减缓流速并增加水的深度,我们在这里堆了一些沙袋。”

公司负责人也表示,一般一个月内就能看到比较彻底的治理效果,但这样的理想状态并不容易达到。“一方面,排水沟流经树林,树荫和落叶会影响光照条件,另一方面,不时有新的污染物流入也会影响处理效果。”

为此,金马镇安排清洁工每天清理沟渠内的落叶和漂浮物,温江区政府部门也在抓紧阻断沿河污染源。

近期接连的暴雨为治理工作增加了难度。“暴雨让沟里的水流速加快,导致难以采集连续有效的治理数据,对网也有一定破坏作用,已维修了好几次。”郭俊龙说。不过,他也表达了对这项技术的认可,“大家的感受就是直接证据。”

治理后该支付多少费用,与治理河段最初的淤泥厚度、黑臭程度等有直接关系。郭俊龙说:“过去我们不定时对河道进行清淤,所花费的人力成本、机械调度成本等,加起来不比这项新技术少。”

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