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满目青山惹人醉

2017-08-29 06:30:59   中国青年网

掩映在绿水青山中的文斗苗寨。 王宏模摄

“森森古木覆苔阴,四顾苍山一径深。”盛夏时节,漫步于贵州省锦屏县河口乡文斗苗寨的乡间小路上,古树环绕,满目苍翠,鸟鸣不绝于耳,空气清新湿润。

文斗村坐落在凤尾山半山腰上,一面靠山,三面环水,是一个有着600多年历史的古老苗寨,整个村子分上、下两寨,古风浓郁的300多幢旧式吊脚楼依山而建,绵延九岭十冲,气势恢宏。

“全村森林覆盖率达到95%,有很多是逾百年的古树,这些都是祖辈们留给我们的宝贝。”村党支部书记姜达榜对村里的环境甚是自豪。现在,村内还保存有巨大苍翠的古树600多株,树种有30多个,国家一级重点保护植物红豆杉就有300多株。

寨子里的老人姜高松对村里的每株红豆杉了如指掌。“这棵是红豆杉王,有30多米高,胸围有6米多,树龄有800多年,旁边的这几棵也都有几百年的树龄了。”姜高松说,10多年前,曾有商人出资100万元购买这批古红豆杉,遭到村民的一致反对。

在2008年初的特大雪灾期间,文斗人用木棒击打冰雪,为古树减轻压力,还搬来稻草,捆扎覆盖在树干上,为古树御寒。文斗人代代相传的护绿植绿行动,使得文斗的林木、古道石阶得到很好的保护。

“树给予了我们生命,我们敬重树木。种树、爱树、敬树,是文斗人的传统。”文斗村民姜庭化告诉记者。

在文斗寨门的诸多石碑中,有一块立于乾隆三十八年的“六禁碑”,字迹虽已模糊,却是村里生态环保意识传承至今的凭据。

“禁不俱(拘)远近杉木,大小树木,不许任人小儿砍削,罚银十两。”“禁四至油山,不许乱伐乱捡。如有人违,罚银五两……”这个身居大山深处的苗寨,200多年前就有了强烈的环保意识。

如今,村里建立了村级绿化基金,每植一棵银杏、红豆杉、香樟等珍稀树苗并成活的,都能从基金中拿到20元到200元不等的奖励。

今日的文斗苗寨,所见之处无山不绿、无水不清。文斗人利用生态优势,搭上乡村旅游快车,走出了一条“生态+产业”“生态+旅游”“生态+文化”的发展新路。

从文斗村百年古树间流出的山泉水,让山脚水库养出的鱼肉质鲜美。目前,该村有56户村民发展生态养鱼产业,有网箱2000多口,年收入近300万元,“生态+产业”成了村民的增收渠道。

“节假日,经常有外地游客来观光探秘,村里有农家乐20多家,生意火爆,年收入近百万元。”文斗人将绿水青山转化为生产力,发展起了绿色生态观光旅游,吃上了“生态+旅游”饭。

“这里环境太好了,空气很清新,而且文化底蕴很深厚,给了我们很多创作灵感。”到文斗采风的中国舞台美术学会专家们说。“生态+文化”已经成为文斗发展的“绿色引擎”。

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