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倾听思想的花开

2017-08-29 05:31:02   中国青年网

手绘燕园风景图 资料图片

她走进这座校园,她感觉到了“北大之心”。她不是一般的游客或访者,我知道她的心情,她热爱这座校园。她从北京大学西门进入,缓步跨过那座拱桥,两棵古老的银杏迎接她,她知道,这里是冯友兰先生撰写碑文的校友碑,这里是当年马寅初校长办公的楼台。然后,她向我们介绍燕园周边那些留存或不留存的古园林:淑春园、鸣鹤园、镜春园、朗润园、勺园、治贝子园、蔚秀园、畅春园和承泽园。她如数家珍,这让我称奇,即使是长住燕园的居民,也未必全能道出这些旧园的名字。

我说的是《倾听思想的花开》这本散文集的作者王雪瑛,这一天她再一次拜访北大校园,为此写了这篇叫作《感觉北大之心》的文章——“我走在北大的校园里,既感受到皇家园林的宏伟气度,又有江南水乡的秀丽清俊,既感受到自然怀抱的天籁气息,又有着浓郁醇厚的书香氤氲,北大既流动着百年绵延不绝的文化血脉,又绽放着当代轻舞飞扬的青春生命。”

这还只是王雪瑛书写北大诸多文章中的一篇,她还写过北大红楼,写红楼最初的建设:1916年的春天,这里还是一块正在建设的工地,周围是漫漫尘土,而在蔡元培先生那里却是另一番景象,他心中正在升起崭新的教育革命的蓝图。写他的“循思想自由原则,取兼容并包之义”,这就是王雪瑛所要表达的主旨。她是要借外在的景物,写心中的情思。

王雪瑛写这些,不是浮泛的和即兴的,她下了真功夫。除了脚踏实地的走访,甚至是一访再访,她相当重视案头工作,阅读史料,积累素材。这就不经意间展现了她作为学者、评论家职业的专擅——在抒情的文字里融会治学的“暗功”。如前面说到的红楼,她从红楼的建设起始,一路写来,讲它一万平方米的建筑面积,讲完工后楼内的布局,凡此等等,夹叙夹议,且走且停。请看这段文字:“春水清亮如镜,华表伫立无语,默默地见证着百年的烟云,百年的思绪,那思绪在历史的烟云中穿越,时而激荡冲击着年轻人的心潮,时而平缓沉淀着时光的陶冶。走过北大办公楼,我走向一条铺满落叶的小路,感觉自己是在走过岁月的曲折和蜿蜒,穿过历史的峰峦和烟云,不断地走近他。沉静,岁月淘洗后的沉静,坚实,历史大潮冲刷后的坚实。”

《倾听思想的花开》不是我们常见的那种散篇的汇集,它更像是一项有预设的写作。她把笔墨相对集中于学府与学人的感受与评说。除了北大,还有清华,除了国内名校,还有哈佛,还有耶鲁。她写了蔡元培,写了梅贻琦,还有马寅初、周培源、冯友兰,还有燕南园往事。这还只是开始,还不止笔,又是“依恋超越时空的校园”,又是“现代化进程的延长线”,落笔就收不住。她兴味正浓,笔下思绪万千:这里是哈佛视线,耶鲁风光,这里是赵如兰,兰气息、玉精神。她继续延展开去,由校园而及校园中人,都是文化名人——胡适与韦莲司,杜拉斯与雅恩,张爱玲与胡兰成,或气象万千,或缠缠绵绵。最后来到瓦尔登湖,她在湖畔凝思,“瓦尔登湖畔的小木屋,犹如人类文明星空中的一颗星星,他游走在时光的隧道中,也闪耀在我们的眼前。我疑惑,我们不会忘记靠近自然的神奇,不再用双手毁坏自然绵延不断的生态吧?然而越来越多的新闻常常让这个疑问令人忧心地延长。我的耳边仿佛听到了瓦尔登湖畔的小木屋传来的低语:Simplify,Simplify,简单生活。”

一颗热爱之心在那里跳动,在北大,在清华,在哈佛,在耶鲁,她向我们展示了中国百年的,以及与此相关的世界文化图景。在这些图景中,她倾注了她的挚爱,如同我这篇文章开头提及的,她在这些画面中沉思和感受的热爱之心。

王雪瑛的文字是独特的,坚韧、睿智,而且很大气,她的文字中几乎找不到女性作家常有的柔婉,有时还不免沉重。她注重写景,却不停留于一般的写景,她温暖的文字中保留了思想的尖刺,沉淀着她深沉的思考,她的天空是自由而辽阔的,她注重思想的表达和展开。她自言:“文学是内在于我的生命的,而不是外在于我的生命的一种形式”,“写作,最大的快感是倾听思想的花开”。

王雪瑛是钱谷融先生的女弟子,而我的中学老师余钟藩先生则是钱先生的同窗。这样一来,我和王雪瑛就有了类似“亲缘”的关联了。时值初秋,我愿借此书评,向她,并请她向我景仰的钱谷融先生致以诚挚的问候。

(作者:谢冕,系北京大学中文系教授)

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