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跑步岔气怎么办?

2017-08-29 05:06:00   中国青年网

天气渐渐凉爽起来,不少人开始跑步锻炼。可问题也来了,还没跑几步就岔气,这可咋办?其实,是因为没有掌握跑步的正确呼吸方法。

“岔气实际是急性胸肋痛,绝大部分是由呼吸肌痉挛(也就是抽筋了)引起,少部分由胃肠痉挛、肝脾淤血引起。”太原健康教育所所长寇路明说,跑到中途发生岔气后,有四种方法可缓解:减速、深呼吸、按压疼痛部位、举手背伸。

“减速下来慢慢跑(走),这是最快也是最有效的缓解岔气症状的方式,一般五六百米后岔气症状就能消失。”对于有经验的跑者,推荐一个不减速缓解岔气的方法。如果左肋下疼,那么右脚着地时稍用力使身体腾空向前,左脚则轻触地面。反之右肋下疼,就左脚发力使身体腾空向前,右脚轻触地面。也就是说,哪边不疼哪边用力。最重要的是,脚下发力时,速度非但不会下降,反而会有少量的提升,斗志昂扬持续前进。

寇路明说,深呼吸法指的是吸气深慢,呼气用力,注意不要过大张口,应该缩着嘴唇。这样可以吸进大量空气,满足运动时氧的需要,使呼吸肌放松下来,消除疼痛。同时调整呼吸节奏,把呼吸节奏与跑步频率配合起来,做到二步或三步一呼一吸。

“还可用手掌稍用力按压腹痛部位,略弯腰继续跑步或走路。也可以深呼吸后憋气,用力叩打胸腔两侧或肋下疼痛处,然后慢慢深吸几口气,重复几次可缓解痉挛。”寇路明说,岔气的疼痛缓解后,不要按压疼痛部位,双手扣紧上举、身体略后仰,可做背伸动作拉长腹肌。

如何预防岔气?寇路明说,跑前热身必须做到位,建议做10分钟以上,至少要额头微微见汗;餐后1个半小时内不要跑步。此外,有经验的跑者可尝试在左脚触地时呼气,以避免肝脏惯性下冲,从而导致的右侧刺痛。

本报记者 张婷

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