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信赖金砖议程的中国作用(国际论坛)

2017-08-29 04:11:02   中国青年网

中国提出扩大金砖“朋友圈”,体现出金砖的包容性和开放性,富有创新意义

金砖国家合作机制已走过10年。10年来,这个由5个新兴市场国家搭建的合作机制不断走向成熟,为世界政治和经济问题寻找到一种更加务实的解决方式。

经过多年发展,金砖合作已超出最初的经济和贸易范畴。5个成员国之间增进了相互认知,实现了互补和共赢。这不仅体现在政府层面,还涵盖社会各个层面;不仅在政治和经济领域,而且包含文化等诸多领域。如在教育方面,金砖国家建立了“金砖国家大学联盟”和“金砖国家网络大学”。这两大高等教育领域的多边合作机制,有利于联合金砖国家主要大学开展共同研究、培养人才,为金砖国家进行双边和多边对话、交流合作提供新平台,也能为解决共同面临的问题建言献策。

过去10年,金砖五国经济总量在世界经济中的比重已从12%上升到23%,对全球经济增长的贡献率超过50%,其中中国贡献最为突出。中国日益增长的巨大经济体量,在贸易、投资等领域对其他金砖国家产生了重要影响。中国经济的巨大成功让所有人受益。中国在国际事务中理智务实,在国家之间不断“搭桥”,而不是像个别国家那样“筑墙”。

金砖国家共同组建的新开发银行,堪称全方位创新之举。它通过公平的投票权和发展权,实现了制度创新。在这里,既没有捐助者也没有支援国,5个国家都是股东和借款国家,在决策中一律平等,各方意见都得到充分尊重。作为全球治理改革中的重要工具,新开发银行有利于突破西方货币和金融体制的天花板。

金砖国家注重提升新兴市场国家和发展中国家的影响力。作为新兴市场国家和发展中国家的代表,金砖国家一直是世界多极化、国际关系民主化的坚定支持者。金砖国家领导人首次会晤就明确提出要积极提升金砖国家话语权。我期待金砖国家领导人厦门会晤将使新兴市场国家和发展中国家在全球经济治理中更好地发声。

中国提出扩大金砖“朋友圈”,体现出金砖的包容性和开放性,富有创新意义。在贸易保护主义抬头的背景下,“金砖+”有可能成为一种新的全球经济一体化模式,为所有发展中国家加入一体化提供理想平台。金砖国家可以在发展中国家与发达国家之间建立互动机制。在这方面,中国有着丰富的经验,中国提出的“一带一路”倡议有效连接了发展中国家与发达国家。

当今世界经济面临逆全球化等诸多不确定因素的挑战,这些挑战在某种程度上将促使金砖国家进一步明确在全球治理中的主攻方向,为金砖国家更深、更广地参与全球治理开拓新空间。

我期待金砖国家领导人厦门会晤开启金砖合作第二个“金色十年”,相信中国在未来的金砖议程中将扮演越来越重要的角色。

(作者为巴西里约热内卢天主教大学金砖国家政策中心教授)

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