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吸烟人数5年增长了1500万
2017-08-28 14:58:04 中国青年网
本报讯(记者代丽丽)新探健康发展研究中心、中华预防医学会、中国控制吸烟协会等37家单位日前联合发布了《加速中国控烟履约进程——专家共识(2017)》。记者获悉,我国的烟草消费量占世界烟草消费总量的44%,吸烟人数5年间增长了1500万,必须加快控烟履约进程。
2015年《中国成人烟草调查报告》数据显示:中国15岁及以上成人现在吸烟率为27.7%,与2010年数据持平,而吸烟人数却增长了1500万,达到3.15亿。《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》提出:到2030年,15岁以上人群吸烟率要降低到20%。为了实现这一目标,必须加快我国控烟履约进程。
专家认为,烟草流行已成为危害公众健康并带来严重后果的全球性问题,也是中国面临的一个极为严重的公共卫生问题。吸烟是主要慢性非传染性疾病的共同危险因素,心脑血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病、肺部疾患等慢性非传染性疾病已经成为主要健康杀手。我国因慢性病导致的死亡已经占到总死亡的85%。政府积极控烟履约,才能有效减少慢性疾病的负担。
回顾中国控烟历程,虽然取得了一些重要进展,但是与《公约》要求和国际控烟形势相比,与《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》的控烟目标相比,步伐仍显迟缓,控烟措施落实不力。如不加快控烟进程,中国将继续为烟草流行造成的健康、经济和社会损失,付出日益沉重、甚至是无法承受的代价。
专家认为,在控制烟草流行、保护人民生命的问题上,我国面临着很多挑战,建议调整《烟草控制框架公约》履约工作部际协调领导小组的成员组成,在中国烟草业未能实行政企分开之时,国家烟草专卖局应退出八部委控烟履约协调机制;毫不迟疑地通过强有力的、全面的国家无烟立法,同时配套有足够经费支持的实施方案,警惕烟草业干扰和阻碍立法进程。2014年向社会公开征求意见的国务院《公共场所控制吸烟条例(草案)》应迅速获得通过并全面实施,不留任何例外和漏洞。另外,还要采用图形警示,披露卷烟成分,严禁烟草广告,提高卷烟税价,减少需求,将戒烟纳入国家基本公共卫生服务,不断提高戒烟服务的可得性和易得性。J205
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