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“皮肤晒黑一度,对脱贫攻坚的认识也加深一度”

2017-08-28 05:56:47   中国青年网

皮肤黝黑,从小在贵州大山里长大的胡让第一次感慨,原来自己并不认识农村。在10天的驻村采访中,胡让走了很多山路,从山顶徒步到山脚,由于暴雨冲刷,路面沟壑纵横,极其难行。正是这段经历,让胡让再次深度的认识中国乡土。

8月14日至24日,来自华中师范大学、苏州大学、华东交通大学等10所高校的10名95后大学生,来到贵州省水城县10个村庄驻村采访,观察脱贫攻坚中的乡土中国。他们中年龄最小的不到19岁,最大的22岁。

在驻村采访之前,胡让觉得农村土地都是一样的,大家一样的种植,一样的收割,结果自然也是一样的。有一天晚上在村委会的凉亭里,农民邓子学对他说,“土地也是有贫富差距的。”胡让内心震撼,“原来我还没有认识中国农村啊。”

胡让在采访中发现,在乌蒙山深处的北盘江峡谷地带,碎石掺杂在土地里,土壤缺乏植物所需的养分,无论老乡们怎么勤奋,土地的收益都无法和温润的地带相比。

胡让在40岁的邓子学脸上看到了焦虑,邓子学曾经种了15亩烟叶,生活还算过得去,这些年随着全球变暖,气温升高,种出的烟叶质量慢慢下降。邓子学引以为豪的15亩土地将他一步一步逼入困境。

农业产业结构调整逐渐进行,“改革”这架大功率的机器正在轰鸣着滚滚向前。随着采访的深入,胡让发现,土地正在换一种方式,发挥有史以来最大的效益。农民流转的土地投入到村里的生态园发展旅游,大棚搭起来了,精品蔬菜种植改变了传统看天吃饭的状态。农事体验吸引城里人进村旅游,农民发展乡村客栈,卖3桌农家菜就相当于种一亩玉米的收益。传统农村在“撕裂”之后,竟然又开始以另外的一种方式重组。

“我期待观察采访真实的农村,发现让我兴奋的东西。”学生朱志远说,他既学农学又学新闻,立志成为一名农业记者。他在水城县中坝村观察发现,这里的村干部都很年轻,不少是80后、90后。

为什么这个村庄可以留下很多年轻人,他们能够在这里待得住吗?

朱志远了解到,水城县在全国率先探索实行村干部职业化,全县200多个村居都配有大学生村干部,每天8小时上班,24小时值班,村干部吃住在村,工作落实在村,推动服务在村,成为推动村里工作的重要力量。

广州中医药大学学生戴安琪的采访点在水城县米箩镇俄戛村,当地发展红心猕猴桃产业,她在农村淘宝站采访。“目前农村淘宝站对猕猴桃不易运输、不易保存等现象导致的问题没有做规范化管理,应该进一步完善。”戴安琪采访后说,政府也必须站出来做好引导,精品种植是第一步,销售中更精细的服务才能换来村里更长久的效益。

戴安琪采访观察到的问题得到了水城县的重视。水城县委宣传部部长龙挺说,水城县的精品水果通过网络出山,想要“风行天下”就必须做好连接全世界的“网路”,下一步将在完善产地标准、包装标准、服务标准上狠下功夫,让精准扶贫的产业带动更有力量。

华中师范大学的舒佳欣一直在思考一个问题,“青壮年农民怎么才能在村子里找到更好的未来”。过去,她对农村只有浅显的认知,现在,她想把这个命题带到未来长期对农村的深度观察中。

“10天采访10个村庄,皮肤晒黑了一度,对脱贫攻坚国家战略的认识也加深了一度。”舒佳欣说。

水城县是全国脱贫攻坚中西南地区具有代表性的县,这里是“资源变资产,资金变股金,农民变股东”“三变”改革的实践地,也是“村干部职业化”率先探索的地方。

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