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机器人写诗?那叫文字游戏

2017-08-25 04:16:28   中国青年网

鲍南

“眼看着太阳落了下去,这时候不必再有爱的诗句。全世界就在那里,早已拉下了离别的帷幕。”

或许很多人都想不到,这些句子竟出自微软的人工智能机器人小冰之手。网友们感叹,“人工智能逆天了!”“机器人有人情味了!”近些年,人工智能的发展确实日新月异,带给人们无限遐想。从“深蓝”击败国际象棋世界冠军卡斯帕罗夫,到“阿尔法狗”零封柯洁,再到OPENAI吊打游戏职业选手,人工智能在智力领域击败人类的速度似乎越来越快。如今机器人还跨界到了文学创作领域开始写起诗来。据介绍,小冰通过一万次迭代学习,纵览了1920年以来519位诗人的全部现代诗作品,掌握了现代诗所有的格式韵律,通晓了这场“文字游戏”里所有的规则技巧。

常言道,“画虎画皮难画骨。”小冰虽然出版了自己的诗集,还在报纸上开设了专栏,但这注定是文字的堆砌,算不上真正意义的诗。何谓诗?“诗者,志之所之也,在心为志,发言为诗,情动于中而形于言……”节奏与韵律只是诗的皮相,诗人的情感才是灵魂。小冰或许可以写出“我希望逢着一个丁香一样的,结着愁怨的姑娘”,却注定难以感受到那种彷徨;或许可以用文字勾勒“一湾浅浅的海峡”,却注定难以体会到跨越海峡的乡愁。就像“阿尔法狗”赢了棋却不会笑一样,小冰刊发了诗也体会不到眼见作品变成铅字的喜悦。

小冰与诗像一种隐喻,启示人们:人工智能只是一种人类设计的高效仿造手段,一种更高段位的工业产品而已。在可以预见的未来,人工智能以及各类机器会在越来越多的方面战胜人类,但我们无需杞人忧天,因为人类的思考与情感远远不是0到1的二进制数学逻辑这么简单。真正应该警惕的,是我们自己与机器的安全边界。不论科技手段如何发达,我们都要刻意保持自然生命体的独立性与完整性。唯此,才能避免被机器奴役。

“我的心儿像冰雪后的水,一滴一滴翻到最后。给我生命的上帝,把它吹到缥缈的长空。”小冰的诗里,“心灵”“生命”都只是词汇而已,它不会有任何思考“我是谁”的兴趣。正如有人评价的,人工智能“有智能没智慧,有智商没情商,会计算不会算计”。仅凭这一点,我们对机器人写诗便可一笑而过。

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