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明代廉吏喻茂坚家训相传400多年

2017-08-24 08:23:09   中国青年网

喻茂坚陈列馆。(荣昌区委宣传部提供)

“‘衍祖宗一脉真传,克忠克孝;教子孙两行正路,惟读惟耕。’同学们知道这句话是什么意思吗?”近日,一位老人在荣昌区万灵镇中心小学,为同学们上了一堂很特别的课:分享自己家族的家风、家训。他就是喻茂坚第十三代孙喻权坚。

喻茂坚是何许人也?

时间回到460多年前。这天,濑溪河畔的小镇来了一位身着布衣的老人。因为喜欢上这里的宁静与美景,他决定在这里建一座书院,教导族人和乡邻的孩子。这座书院就是荣昌著名的尔雅书院,这位老人正是明朝法学家、著名廉吏喻茂坚。

荣昌区诗词楹联协会会长李相民介绍,喻茂坚是荣昌人,曾主持编著《问刑条例》,著有《梧冈文集》等。辞官归乡时,这位为官38载,位列七卿的刑部尚书竟“囊无百金”。

据史料记载,作为一代法学家,喻茂坚把法家理念和自身的教育思想融入到家规家训之中,形成家训《垂训联》《训示联》。这些家训被喻氏后人整理、修订后写入《喻氏族谱》,传承至今。

李相民介绍,这些家训多以联的形式出现,与诗歌密不可分。如《垂训联》内容为:“衍祖宗一脉真传,克忠克孝;教子孙两行正路,惟读惟耕。”《训示联》则为:“事五尺天而天知,存方寸地而地知,为人父母无愧;领千钟粟以粟养,读万卷书以书养,在我子孙自修。”

记者了解到,喻茂坚留下家训涉及内容广泛,有教育子弟不要养成狡诈诓骗习气的,如:“毋习伪以欺,毋好讼以胥戕,毋侮国宪典以自罹于辟。”有关于忠君爱国的,如:“若有志上进,须以忠君爱国为念,方不负先人数代忠贞。”还有关于孝顺父母的,如:“以孝顺父母为先,若有继母,更宜竭诚孝敬,不可悖逆妄为。”

自喻茂坚之后,优良的家训哺育出很多优秀的族人。据《喻氏族谱》记载,受喻茂坚家规家训影响,明清时期重庆喻氏家族取得功名者共322人,其中27人高中进士,且无一人贪腐,涌现出一批清正廉明、秉公执法的好官。而曾参加淞沪、武汉、长沙等多次对日会战的抗日名将喻孟群,新闻学家、中国社科院学术委员喻权域,中国火箭专家喻显果等也都是喻氏族人。

喻茂坚第十三世孙喻权坚告诉记者,按族规,族谱不仅要记载喻氏族人的成绩,也要记载喻氏族人的劣绩。“成绩用以激励后人,劣绩用以警示后人。几百年来,还没有一个喻氏族人因为触犯刑律而被记入族谱。”

事实上,喻茂坚的影响不只在族人。2016年,中纪委网站推出重庆荣昌喻茂坚家规专题,以喻茂坚家规家训为主线,展示喻茂坚的清廉事迹,以及优良家风对其后世子孙的影响。

此外,喻茂坚陈列馆也于去年9月在万灵镇正式开馆,作为荣昌区德廉教育基地,这里已成为当地党员干部开展“两学一做”学习教育、感受中华优秀传统的重要场所。

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