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在马来西亚房子只意味着家

2017-08-24 05:41:47   中国青年网

在北京,买房对年轻一代绝对不是一个轻松的话题。三环以内的房屋几乎是天价,外国人当然也察觉得到。留学北京的4年里,我常和家人开玩笑,我们这套屋子的价格,在北京连卫生间都买不上。我甚至不敢去看北京一套房子的价格到底需要几位数,总之很贵,贵到不可思议。

我来自马来西亚最南端的新山,一个与新加坡只有一水之隔的城市。当自己和身边的朋友都到了工作、买车、买房的年龄时,我的第一感觉是,买房对新一代白手起家的马来西亚人来说,不比以前简单,但也不像北京、香港等城市那样遥不可及,让年轻人喘不过气。

比起上世纪90年代的辉煌,如今的马来西亚经济发展相对迟缓,企业提供的薪水很难让人满意。年轻人倘若不外出发展,就得接受一般般的工资。很多年轻人在缴交房租、车贷、消费税、日常开销后,所剩无几,更别说轻松承担房价了。买房的确就像一场马拉松,需要长时间积累,有些人甚至要等到退休以后,领取公积金才供得起城市的一套房,要不然就得向政府申请廉价屋。但值得庆幸的是,买房在马来西亚仅是一场马拉松,而不是永无止境的长跑。对比寸土寸金的中国一线城市,只要马来西亚人愿意努力伸手,房子依然可及。

房子对我们来说意味着什么呢?很多新山人不惜奔波劳碌,清晨出发至对岸新加坡打工,为的是3倍汇率下的薪水,当然也为了成家。房子对很多马来西亚人来说就意味着家,在我们的文化中,家是永远的避风港,没有什么词比马来语“balik kampung”(回家)更能唤起我们心中的共鸣。每到节假日,马来西亚的高速公路总被回家的车子挤满,马来西亚人对家的向往不是随便租个房间就能取代的,而且在老一辈的观念里,独立的平房才像个家,城市里的鸽子笼不是家。

在留学过程中,我发现中国人对家也有强烈的信念。但是在房地产市场中,这种信念却有些变质了。马来西亚人和中国人确实都热衷买房,但是,同样的目的背后却有不一样的出发点。房子很多时候成了一些中国人攀比、投资的筹码,“三环内没房的不嫁”“你们国家房子一平方米多少钱?”“房子不在城市显得丢脸”,这些都是我在北京生活时听过的说法,也让我十分不理解。马来西亚人固然希望有一套房成家立业,但是哪怕男朋友没房,只要是Mr. Right,就值得一嫁。乡村里的小屋也值得主人骄傲,过度生产、开发以及填海后所建设的投资性房屋在马来西亚并不受欢迎。

归根结底,房子是用来住的。尽管房屋的投资性越来越强,已经成为难以逆转的趋势,但新一代的年轻人还是应该调整心态,避免房子成为歧视、攀比、打压贫穷的源头,这是我作为一名外来的旁观者想给中国朋友们的建议。

(作者系马来西亚人,中国人民大学毕业生)

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