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秋台风比夏台风更是“老戏精”

2017-08-24 05:26:47   中国青年网

秋台风才是台风界的老大哥

1949年至2014年,西北太平洋和南海生成的夏台风中超强台风的比例为16.3%;而这期间,秋台风占比27.9%,秋季更易出现超强台风。

秋台风为何更“凶猛”?浦仁杰解释说,秋季之所以易出现超强台风,与夏季向秋季过渡时,太阳从北向南移动造成的海温偏暖有关。“秋季环境场比夏季更有利于台风加强”。

进入秋季,天气变冷,但由于海洋降温比陆地慢,到9月份,海面上依然很温暖,由此积攒更多热量,提供给台风的能量也就更大。

并且,在台风的发展过程中还有一个更重要的因素:需要一个很好的高空辐散流出环境。浦仁杰解释,在夏季,流出环境通常很差,因为亚洲受强势的南亚高压影响,会抑制台风的发展,台风流出到亚洲大陆受阻;但进入9月份,西风带活动开始加强,破坏南亚高压,改善了台风的流出环境,因此秋台风更容易快速发展,威力更强。

“秋台风+冷空气”是个可怕组合

秋台风造成影响较大,除其自身“实力强”外,还在于秋台风往往与北方南下冷空气“强强联手”。

“秋台风更容易遇到冷空气,激发出暴雨强降水,它不再是‘一个人在战斗’,登陆后造成的次生灾害会更大。”浦仁杰说,这次“天鸽”的到来导致22日至24日,台湾、广东、广西、贵州、云南等地先后有大到暴雨,部分地区大暴雨,局地特大暴雨。华南地区受主要影响。

浦仁杰表示,9月份后,太阳直射点从北向南移,南边海洋热,北边海洋变冷,副热带高压东退南移,台风活动的区域也会顺势往南,对浙江、江苏、山东、辽宁等相对靠北的省份来说,影响越来越小;华南地区情况则正好相反,1949年以来登陆广东、海南、福建以及香港的最强台风都出现在9月。

分析>>>

受复杂天气系统影响

秋台风很容易失去“方向感”

秋台风“难以捉摸”也是令人头疼的点。浦仁杰说,秋台风“变数”较大,人们需要更多的功底去预测、研究,夏台风相对来说“乖”多了。

由于影响秋台风的天气系统比夏季更复杂多变,且各种天气系统势力相当,并不断调整,秋台风通常路径变数大、强度预报难度大。当秋台风自身强度较弱、台风的几个影响系统势力相当时,其很容易失去“方向感”。

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