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岳麓山多处古迹曾遭日军破坏

2017-08-24 04:46:12   中国青年网

长沙晚报记者 周和平 实习生 关丽欣

8月15日是日本宣布无条件投降72周年纪念日,这一天值得古城长沙永远铭记。抗日战争期间,长沙城和长沙军民为全民族的抗战付出了很多,承载湖湘文化的风景名胜区岳麓山也损失惨重。昨日,在长沙市档案馆,当“湖南大学函复修复岳麓山部分被破坏古迹”档案抖落岁月的尘封,70多年前遭日军侵略后,一个千疮百孔的岳麓山呈现在眼前。

档案史志 列出的11处被破坏古迹修复耗资巨大

抗日战争胜利后,损失惨重的岳麓山文物修复提上日程。“湖南大学函复修复岳麓山部分被破坏古迹”档案,记载了时任湖南大学校长的胡庶华签署代为岳麓山文物修复列出的清单报告。

据该档案记载,1947年1月31日,国立湖南大学向长沙市政府发出公函,提交为修复岳麓山部分被破坏古迹的初步计划表,列出了岳麓山待修复的部分古迹,有文庙、魁星楼、御书楼、文昌阁、万寿寺、云麓宫、爱晚亭、吹香亭、风雩亭、自卑亭、北海碑共11处,这些古迹修复工程耗资巨大。

该清单的相关介绍中提到,文庙原有规模甚大,前栋进深七公尺(一公尺=1米)、宽二十一公尺,两侧为厢房各宽五公尺、长二十一公尺,广坪直进正中为大成殿,进深八公尺、宽十公尺,上面为崇圣殿,其长宽尺寸与大成殿同,均为古代宫殿式建筑,现所保留者颓垣破瓦断石而已,该古迹亟应修复旧观;万寿寺原系三进古代宫殿式建筑,其前中二进全被毁灭,后进遭破坏严重。位于青枫溪涧左侧的爱晚亭,石围栏、石级、石棹、石椅及前贤诗联均被毁。看得出,日军的入侵给岳麓山古迹造成了惨重的损失。

档案追踪 其中10处古迹得到修复今犹在

70年前的湖南大学校长胡庶华签署的“修复岳麓山部分被破坏古迹”这一公函最后落实如何?如今在市档案馆的馆藏档案中并无相关文字资料的记载,不过透过岳麓山的现况,也可感知一二。

湖南省文史馆馆员、文史专家陈先枢告诉记者,其时岳麓山由湖南大学代管,当时湖南大学校长列出岳麓山待修复的11处古迹,除魁星楼如今不复存在外,其余10处古迹均在,其中文庙、御书楼、文昌阁、北海碑和吹香亭、风雩亭古迹,均集中在现在的岳麓书院。这些古迹得到历届政府的关注和重点保护,时为万寿寺的古迹,就是现在的麓山寺,在上个世纪90年代得到大修大建,不少建筑得到重建,保护力度空前。

陈先枢说,抗日战争期间,长沙发生了举世震惊的“一火四战”,“一火”就是发生在1938年11月12日深夜的“文夕大火”;“四战”就是1939年9月至1941年12月,日军三次大举进犯长沙,1944年5月日军第四次进攻长沙,发起“长衡会战”。抗日战争期间,除岳麓山古迹遭破坏外,历经2000多年岁月的贾谊故居和定王台被付之一炬,作为古城长沙标志之一的天心阁也在大火中化为废墟。

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