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“电力丝路”送来“能源大礼”

2017-08-23 08:38:55   中国青年网

1000千伏特高压南阳站年度检修赵航宇摄

□本报记者宋敏本报通讯员凌玮

能源的清洁可靠供应,是推动经济社会低碳发展、绿色转型的基础。河南作为能源大省,面临传统产能过剩、能源整体利用效率偏低等问题。为破解发展难题,国网河南省电力公司充分发挥电网的基础支撑作用,加快特高压发展和“外电入豫”步伐,提升能源发展的质量和效益,能源结构转型升级为我省经济社会发展注入强劲动力。

现实的选择

受资源禀赋、经济发展水平等因素影响,我省能源生产和消费粗放式增长、高排放、高污染特征突出。主动破解困局、加快能源转型发展,探索提升能源保障能力、优化能源结构、改善生态环境的有效途径,已经成为河南能源发展的必然选择。

从资源禀赋看,我省持续可开发资源严重不足,一次能源呈现“有煤、少油、乏气”的特点;从能源保障看,全省能源对外依存度持续上升,早在2005年起成为能源净调入省份后,能源调入量逐年增大,2016年全省能源对外依存度达到了56.7%;从能源结构看,长期以来煤炭在我省能源生产、消费结构中的占比均在75%以上,以煤为主的能源结构,带来了环境、生态等一系列问题。可以说,我省调整能源结构、降低煤炭消费的任务十分艰巨。

特高压作为当下电压等级最高、最先进的输电技术,也被称之为“电力高速公路”,具有远距离、大容量、低损耗输送电力等特点。基于此,2004年,国家电网公司站在能源战略发展高度,提出发展特高压电网、实现更大范围资源优化配置的设想。

2009年1月,1000千伏晋东南—南阳—荆门特高压交流试验示范工程的投运,标志着我省进入特高压时代。2011年10月,1000千伏特高压南阳站扩建完成,该站由开关站转为变电站,标志着“外电入豫”战略在我省正式落地。2014年1月,“疆电外送”首个特高压项目——±800千伏特高压天中直流输电工程(简称“天中直流工程”)投运,标志着我省在全国率先迈入特高压交直流混联电网时代。

显著的成效

业内专家指出,如果把直流输电比作“直达航班”,那么交流输电就是“公路交通网”,中间可以落点,电力的接入、传输和消纳十分灵活。无论从技术、安全还是经济的角度,只有构建交流、直流相互支撑的坚强混联电网,才能充分发挥各自的优势。

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