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教育培训并非多多益善

2017-08-22 09:17:21   央广网

饶思锐

有一个宋国人担心自己的禾苗长不高,便头顶烈日跑到地里将禾苗一一拔高,辛勤劳作一天后,禾苗却枯死了。《孟子》中这则揠苗助长的故事,妇孺皆知,然而事皆知却非“理都懂”。《南国都市报》8月21日报道的“每天上三个培训班,海口小学生累病了”的新闻,不就是新时期的“揠苗助长”吗?

正如孟子所总结的,“天下之不助苗长者寡矣”,然而“助之长者,揠苗者也,非徒无益,而又害之。”同样的道理,天下不希望自己孩子茁壮成长的父母少之又少,但是又有多少父母因操之过急而“揠苗助长”,不仅对孩子的学习没有多大好处,反而使孩子过于疲劳,身心不能健康成长,还对学习产生厌恶和抗拒心态,从而“坑害”了孩子?

奥数、作文、英语、跆拳道、国学、绘画、钢琴……形形色色的“兴趣班”“培训班”,有多少是孩子真正的兴趣所在,又有多少是孩子力有不逮的?或许,这其中的每一个班,都可能是压倒孩子的“最后一根稻草”。这些培训班不仅剥夺了孩子快乐的童年,也挤占了孩子的运动时间,损害了孩子的身心健康,还伤害了亲子关系,影响到家庭和谐。

对于孩子的学习而言,并非多多益善,而是要因材施教,循序渐进,不能违背孩子的认知规律。教育部印发的《关于做好2017年中小学生暑期有关工作的通知》,就强调“要引导家长不盲目给孩子报各类补习班”。然而一些家长一边为沉重的培训费负担所累,一边却又因“不让孩子输在起跑线上”的虚无的危机感,“砸锅卖铁”给孩子的假期“排满课表”,和孩子“互相伤害”。这些看似良苦用心的家长,何尝不是不负责任、“揠苗助长”的家长?要知道,并非每个孩子都是神童,都是天才的少年,都可以像一些少儿节目中的那些学霸那样羡煞旁人。第一名很优秀,第十名何尝不优秀?学习成绩好是优秀,有其他特长难道便不是优秀?多少家长、老师,因为错误的教育理念,使一些“小时了了”的孩子最后“泯然众人矣”。

总有一些家长习惯把自己看成“神一般正确的存在”,习惯于把自己的选择当成孩子的选择,以对孩子的将来负责之名主宰孩子的命运。这正如孩子在作文中写道的一样:“有些笨鸟自己飞不起来,就在窝里下个蛋,要下一代使劲飞。”这之中虽不乏合理规划的成功案例,但更多的却是超前规划的失败教训。不少孩子因长期实现不了父母所定下的目标,而产生深深的挫败感、愧疚感,久而久之便会影响到身心健康。因此,请众多家长别再把“伤害”看成是关爱。

我国古代启蒙教育经典《三字经》,就花了很大的篇幅来讲孩子教育理念和教育方法,其中开篇重点讲了家庭教育的重要性,“昔孟母,择邻处”“窦燕山,有义方”“养不教,父之过”;同时,也十分讲究教育的循序渐进,“首孝悌,次见闻,知某数,识某文”“若广学,惧其繁”。父母之爱子,为之计深远,就应注重家庭教育和有质量的陪伴,而不是简单地将孩子推给学校,推给培训机构,更不能压抑孩子的天性,忽视孩子的特长。

当然,要构建健康的教育生态环境,既需要父母对子女教育有清醒认知,不盲目攀比,被教育机构所绑架;也需要政府、学校、社会的共同努力,让义务教育回归本义,让孩子能够健康成长。

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