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《战狼2》胸口捶击救活女主,靠谱吗?

2017-08-22 03:51:36   中国青年网

□何金山

《战狼2》已成国民热议话题。这部票房、口碑双丰收的主旋律大片,吸引人的地方除了惊心动魄的打斗场面,当然少不了男女主角温馨的感情戏。然而,医界的很多“细心帝”已经蠢蠢欲动,要来抠细节了。在剧情后半段,女主Richael不幸受伤倒地心脏骤停后,吴京饰演的男主冷锋先是把她放到安全地带,迅速对她实施了胸部按压,随后握紧拳头对着女主的胸前猛捶了几下,成功救回女主,完成英雄救美的任务,获得女主香吻一枚。(未成年人捂眼)

部分影迷表示太过粗暴啦,人工呼吸去哪儿了?正常的画风不应该是这样的啊。不用人工呼吸这样捶也能抢救心脏骤停吗?对此,小编特意请教了相关专家:男主冷锋采取的急救方式叫心前区捶击术,按照《战狼2》中剧情设置,在非常紧急的条件下,没有时间去做完整的心肺复苏,采用这种急救方式是合情合理的,也是比较科学的。

什么是心前区捶击术?

1920年,Schott首次报道了单次捶击心前区,可以使阿斯综合征患者的心室停搏恢复为可触及到脉搏,Schott认为这种捶击能诱发一次有效的心室收缩,产生的血流动力学作用大于胸外按压。2009年世界级心脏病学大师Bernard Lown进一步验证其有效性并推广“心前区捶击术”。其急救原理是:在心搏骤停后的1分30秒内,心脏应激性最高,此时拳击心前区,所产生的电能可使心肌兴奋并产生电综合波,促使心脏复跳。

在患者突发心脏骤停时,心前区捶击术曾作为紧急心肺复苏的最早措施,最大的优势是徒手而不需任何器械,另一优势是如果捶击及时实施,且方法得当时,其终止室性心动过速的有效率可高达40%。

但这种急救方式对于操作者的专业素质要求比较高,而且非专业人员学习起来不是很容易,尤其是力度不好掌握,因此目前主流急救方式还是心肺复苏为主。

心前区捶击术真的能救命吗?

快速捶击的机械力直接从心前区传给心脏组织,并在心脏局部转换为终止室性心律失常需要的电流,可在能量较低的情况下有效终止室性心动过速或心室扑动。但心前区捶击术能够达到的最大能量只有1.5 J,据研究报道室速转复成功率40%、室颤不足2%,总体成功率不容乐观。冷锋主角光环加身,一个人团灭一个师的主,预计其心前区捶击的能量也不是普通的1.5 J,达不到200 J估计也差不太多,因而其除颤成功率是我等不能比拟的。鉴于此,自2010年及2015年的心肺复苏指南,均未推荐心前区捶击术用于心脏骤停的抢救,主要和其“转复”成功率低有关。

当然,心前区捶击术经过培训后操作简单,几乎没有并发症,在没有自动除颤仪,没有其他高级抢救设备的前提下,早期应用还是可以的。极端情况下可以尝试心前区捶击,但切莫沉迷于此,耽误了有效的心外按压。要知道,只要可以进行有效的心外按压,即使没有心前区捶击,还是可以保证大脑基本血流灌注,为后续复苏提供机会。

其实对于我们每一个人来说,最应该掌握的是心肺复苏术(CPR)。心肺复苏(CPR)是指为恢复心脏骤停患者的自主循环、呼吸和脑功能所采取的一系列急救措施,包括心肺复苏徒手操作、药物抢救以及相关仪器(如 AED)的使用等。这是一门能够在危急时刻挽救猝死者生命的技术,而且不用任何医疗器械和专业知识,只要你有手,按照方法来就可以。像前面提到的案例,如果在打完120电话后,救护车来之前,如果你会心肺复苏术,及时对患者进行救治,患者就很可能救过来。

(医学界提供)

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