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弗吉尼亚种族骚乱引发“内战”担忧 专家:美国社会正在严重撕裂

2017-08-19 19:11:12   央广网

央广网北京8月19日消息(记者张加宁)据中国之声《新闻晚高峰》报道,连日来美国弗吉尼亚骚乱事件引发的怒火越烧越旺,美国反“白人至上”示威持续不断,以致有媒体形容这是一场“文化战争”,甚至有美国媒体不无焦虑地问道:“美国正走向新型的内战吗?”

这一切从表面上看是一座雕像引发的血案。

据中国国际广播电台驻美国记者吕晓红介绍,今年2月初,夏洛茨维尔市政府以3票赞成2票反对的结果,通过了一个决定,将美国南北战争时期南方联盟军总司令李将军的雕像从以他名字命名的公园里搬走,同时将公园改名为“解放(黑奴)公园”,理由是雕像的存在宣扬着“白人至上主义”,对部分居民而言是一种文化上的侵犯。但这一决定遭到另外一些居民的反对,并于3月份将市政府告上法庭,他们的理由是这雕像是美国历史的一部分,同时搬走雕像也违反了州政府有关纪念碑的法规。市政当局在4月份再次投票表决要将这雕像卖掉。5月,一群“白人至上主义”者在夏洛茨维尔集会,抗议拆除李将军的雕像。几天后,法官做出裁决,李将军雕像半年内不得搬移,但市政府可以将公园改名。

这之后就是大家都已经知道的夏洛茨维尔市流血冲突及其引发的骚乱。但是从深层次来讲,政治上的极端化才是骚乱发生的根本原因,而包括社交媒体在内的美国媒体推波助澜更难辞其咎。

中国人民大学美国问题专家金灿荣认为,美国社会正在严重撕裂,“现在左右两派矛盾都在上升。左派现在也走得很远,想把华盛顿的肖像都给移走。今天早上有条消息,有女权主义者对克林顿总统的肖像也要抗议,说他骚扰妇女。左派意识形态扩大化,要颠覆很多历史上的基本价值观。本来右派就生气,他们也会采取行动反击。”

夏洛茨维尔市白人至上集会活动组织者凯斯勒,在12日流血冲突后举行记者会辩称,是当时警方没有将持不同政见者分开,才导致的惨剧,“我想谴责任何暴力行为,我拒绝对冲突中有人受伤负责。”叫喊声一浪高过一浪,讲话多次被打断。情绪激动的抗议者甚至涌上讲台,怒骂凯斯勒是杀人犯,现场一片混乱。凯斯勒被迫转身立场,却被一名男子从身后一把抓住,挥手就是一拳,凯斯勒在树木和草丛的掩护下仓皇躲闪,大批抗议者依旧穷追不舍。有抗议者冲上前大力推搡,更有人直接将他放倒在地,警方随后上前将双方拉开,护送凯斯勒离开现场,并逮捕了数名抗议者,这才结束了这场闹剧。

美国弗吉尼亚州骚乱发生一周之后,引发的怒火非但没有消退,反而愈演愈烈。德国新闻电视台这样形容骚乱之后的美国:“就像一场内战”。

不过,在金灿荣看来,说“内战”有点危言耸听,“内战原来有个前提,南方几个州的政府权力是在州权派,也叫南方独立派身上。现在政权是统一的。内战必须是有权力的人打,一帮老百姓街头混战,那不叫内战。以后这种集会、反集会的混战会很多,但是内战不至于。”

不可否认的是,这场骚乱所反映出“白人至上主义”“新纳粹主义”等极端思潮在美国的抬头,甚至有观点认为,这可能成为美国当前政治的一个转折点。金灿荣认为,美国社会的撕裂对美国政治的确是巨大挑战,“我一直有个观点,多党民主的一个前提是主流社会得非常坚定、坚固、健康,这样虽然大家会分成不同的派,但它有基本共识,这个民主游戏就玩得很有质量。要是主流社会没了,那分派就分裂。大概我的判断是这样,美国会进入社会撕裂期,严重影响它的民主政治质量,时间久了当然也会影响它的国际地位。”

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