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塞上煤城美丽转身(砥砺奋进的五年·绿色发展 绿色生活)

2017-08-19 06:11:43   中国青年网

石拐源于蒙语“喜桂图”,意思是“有密林的地方”。

然而,“地上不平,地下采空”一度困扰着这片土地。2011年,内蒙古自治区包头市石拐区被列入国家第三批资源枯竭型城市名单。作为国家“一五”时期重要的能源基地,这个有着近300年煤炭开采历史的城区地质灾害面积曾达到249.1平方公里,毁坏地表植被面积达60平方公里。

几年过去,石拐区的生态环境大为改观,而且还获得“全国绿化模范单位”“中欧绿色和智慧城市创新奖”“内蒙古自治区经济社会转型示范区”等一系列殊荣。

“密林”回来了,塞上煤城焕然一新,实现了由黑到绿的美丽嬗变。这背后是怎样的转型之旅?

搬出采空区 圆了宜居梦

“在石拐区(矿区),有的地面底下是空的。上世纪90年代,曾有一辆大卡车在一个矿井旁陷到地下,再也没能找到。从那时起,矿区居民就开始渐渐往外搬迁。”石拐区委宣传部长李秀芳说。

据统计,近年来石拐区通过棚户区改造、沉陷区治理、城乡统筹一体化、老工业区综合治理、农村牧区搬迁安置、互助幸福大院等保障住房工程,建成房屋200多万平方米,让6万余居民基本实现了户户一套新居,圆了多年的宜居梦。

因为居民们的搬离,许多老房子闲置下来,加之这里保存着较好的煤炭工业和生活遗址遗迹,为当地筹建大青山影视基地奠定了丰厚的基础。

整合好资源 走出新路子

“石拐的煤可以挖完,但石拐的文化矿藏不可穷尽。”当地人心中有着这样一个共同的想法。

已经荒废的石拐旧矿区,现在被纳入大青山影视基地厂矿区。走在砂石土路上,道路两旁依稀可见当年煤炭运输的痕迹。

“这是当年煤矿工人居住的土坯排房,可以看出那时的生活条件非常艰苦。”石拐区宣传部干事彭志强指着一片废弃土屋对记者说。在这里,还有新华知青商店、带有明显苏联式建筑风格的石拐区医院、大青山粮油供应站、矿务局大院……

在影视基地小镇区,BP机大哥大专卖店、胜利照相馆、大青山商场等上世纪八九十年代的景象依然保存着。石拐区宣传部副部长赵伟告诉记者,自从2007年电影《立春》在这里取景拍摄后,来石拐区取景拍摄的影视剧组逐渐增多。

小镇区里仍然生活着很多当地居民。“来取景的剧组的群众演员多是咱们当地人,电视剧拍拍风景,多吸引人来这旅游,我们也增加了收入。”群众演员高玉梅说。

践行生态立区 照亮美好生活

2013年,石拐区确立了“生态立区、科学发展、创新驱动、富民兴区”的发展定位。几年来相继投资5.2亿元,实施天然林保护、三北防护林、退耕还林、京津风沙源治理等国家重点林业工程和包石一级公路沿线、大青山南坡、五当召周边等重点区域绿化工程,完成生态建设任务37.2万亩。

“生态立区不是简单的种树,而是要把生态理念融入经济发展的全过程。”石拐区委办公室主任朱存贵说,“石拐区的森林覆盖率已经从过去的8%提高到了现在33%以上。”

煤炭曾经照亮了这个地区的历史,生态照亮着这个地区的现在和未来,如今的石拐区,正在成为祖国北疆亮丽风景线上一颗跃动的新星。

(本报北京8月18日电 《中国能源报》记者王长尧)

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